Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 7, Problem 5TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Under the conditions of a biochemical reaction, free energy (G) is defined as the amount of energy available to perform work. The spontaneity of any reaction depends upon the value of change in free energy.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A spontaneous reaction is one in which the change in free energy (ΔG) has a _______ value. (a) positive (b) negative (c) positive or negative (d) none of the preceding (ΔG has no measurable value)
Which of the following statements is true? (a) The largerthe Q, the larger the ΔG°. (b) If Q = 0, the system is at equilibrium.(c) If a reaction is spontaneous under standardconditions, it is spontaneous under all conditions. (d) Thefree-energy change for a reaction is independent of temperature.(e) If Q > 1, ΔG > ΔG°.
Label the following statements true or false: (c) A nonspontaneous reaction will proceed spontaneously in the reverse direction. (d) A spontaneous process can occur with a large decrease in entropy.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.1 - Define energy, emphasizing how it is related to...Ch. 7.1 - Use examples to contrast potential energy and...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 7.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.2 - Life is sometimes described as a constant struggle...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 7.4 - Explain how the chemical structure of ATP allows...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 7.5 - Relate the transfer of electrons (or hydrogen...Ch. 7.5 - PREDICT Which has the most energy, the oxidized...Ch. 7.6 - Explain how an enzyme lowers the required energy...Ch. 7.6 - Describe specific ways enzymes are regulated.Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.6 - How does the function of the active site of an...Ch. 7.6 - How are temperature and pH optima of an enzyme...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 4CCh. 7 - Which of the following can do work in a cell? (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 7 - Test Your Understanding 4. Diffusion is an (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 7 - Test Your Understanding 8. Induced fit means that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 7 - PREDICT In the following reaction series, which...Ch. 7 - Test Your Understanding 12. EVOLUTION link All...Ch. 7 - EVOLUTION LINK Some have argued that evolution is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 16TYU
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Figure 6.8 Look at each of the processes shown, and decide if it is endergonic or exergonic. In each case, does enthalpy increase or decrease, and does entropy increase or decrease?arrow_forwardWhat terms would best describe the above coupled reaction?A. it is non-spontaneous and endothermic (because the overall Go is positive)B. it is spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall Go is positive)C. it is non-spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall Go is positive)D. it is spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall Go is negative)E. it is non-spontaneous and endothermic (because the overall Go is negative)arrow_forwardFor the reaction A → B at 298 K, the change in enthalpy is −7 kJ · mol−1and the change in entropy is −25 J · K−1 · mol−1. Is the reaction spontaneous? If not, should the temperature be increased or decreased to make the reaction spontaneous?arrow_forward
- Which answers apply. (There could be more than one) Hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate releases energy because the reaction... a.) oxidizes ATP b.) reduces ATP c.) increases resonance d.) decreases resonance e.) increases entropy f.) decreases entropyarrow_forwardDefine the following terms. (i) Rate constant (k) (ii) Activation energy (Ea)arrow_forwardTrue or falsearrow_forward
- What do the following indicators tell you about whether a reaction can proceed as written? (a) The standard free-energy change is positive. (b) The free-energy change is positive. (c) The reaction is exergonicarrow_forwardChoose the best description of an enzyme: (a) It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast. (b) It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. (c) It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable.arrow_forwardConsider the generic reaction2A+3B→2C,ΔHrxn=−100kJIf a reaction mixture initially contains 5 mol of A and 6 mol of B, how much heat (in kJ) will have evolved once the reaction has occurred to the greatest extent possible? 150kj 200kj 300kj 100kJarrow_forward
- endothermic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings. If chemicals for an endothermic reaction are added to water, the water's temperature drops (the water gets colder! Ever use a first aid "cold pack", where you squeeze a pouch to release chemicals inside and the pouch becomes ice cold? That's an endothermic reaction!) For endothermic reactions, when you use the equation Q = m x C x (delta T), the "Q" is a negative number because the water LOSES energy. The answer is negative because the water temperature drops, the CHANGE registered on the thermometer is negative. Type a negative number to answer this question: if your water starts at 19 degrees Celsius, and a couple of minutes after adding chemicals the water temperature becomes 15 degrees, the value of "delta T" is degrees Celsius. *arrow_forwardCalculate the value of AG, if the value of AH is +1200 Kcal/mol, AS is +60 Kcal/mol, and the reaction takes place at 300 K. Once you calculate the value of AG, you can predict the reaction is +16800 Kcal/mol, non-spontaneous/unfavorable - 16800 Kcal/mol, spontaneous/favorable -19200 Kcal/mol, spontaneous/favorable + 19200 Kcal/mol, non-spontaneous/unfavorablearrow_forward(1) Label the following statements as true or false and briefly explain your answer: (a) A spontaneous process always happens very quickly. (b) A spontaneous process can occur with a large decrease in entropy. (2) Consider a reaction with DH = 3.6 kcal/mole and DS = 11.9 cal/(mol*K). Is the reaction spontaneous (a) @ 10 °C and (b) @ 80 °C? Show your work. (3) Calculate the DG for the reaction A + B C+ D at 25 °C when the equilibrium concentrations are [A] = 10 mM, [B] = 15 mM, [C] = 3 mM, and [D] = 5 mM. What is the DG for this reaction? Is the reaction exergonic or endergonic under standard conditions? Show your work. (4) Using a chemical drawing program (e.g. ChemSketch or Marvin Sketch), please illustrate an example of 2 reducing and 2 non-reducing sugars. Be sure to indicate the REDUCING END of the 2 reducing sugars (NOTE: most programs include templates with the hexoses and pentoses pre-drawn, feel free to use these templates). (5) There are several qualitative chemical tests…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax