Chapter 7.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The second step in the electrophilic addition of HCl to an alkene is the reaction of chloride ion with the carbocation intermediate. The nature of this step whether exergonic or endergonic is to be stated. Whether the transition state for this step resembles the reactant (carbocation) or product (alkyl chloride) is to be stated. A rough drawing the transition state structure is to be given.

Concept introduction:

A reaction that involves the combination of oppositely charged species will be exergonic and will take place spontaneously as the product is a neutral molecule. According to Hammond postulate, the transition state resembles the structure of the nearest stable species. For exergonic steps, it structurally resembles reactants and for endergonic steps it structurally resembles products.

To state:

Whether the second step in the electrophilic addition of HCl to an alkene, the reaction of chloride ion with the carbocation intermediate exergonic or endergonic. To state whether the transition state for this step resembles the reactant (carbocation) or product (alkyl chloride).To give a rough drawing of the transition state structure.