The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn. Concept Introduction: Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula C n H 2 n + 2 . The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is C n H 2 n . Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are: First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name. After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Question

(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 7, Problem 8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-2-butene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethyl-3-ethylhexane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 4,5-diethyloctane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Cyclooctene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkene is CnH2n−m .

Where, m represents number of double bonds.

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Propadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-pentyne should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as alkyne having general molecular formula CnH2n−2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkynes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 7, Problem 8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-2-butene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethyl-3-ethylhexane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 4,5-diethyloctane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Cyclooctene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkene is CnH2n−m .

Where, m represents number of double bonds.

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Propadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-pentyne should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as alkyne having general molecular formula CnH2n−2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkynes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 7, Problem 8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-2-butene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethyl-3-ethylhexane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 4,5-diethyloctane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Cyclooctene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkene is CnH2n−m .

Where, m represents number of double bonds.

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Propadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-pentyne should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as alkyne having general molecular formula CnH2n−2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkynes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 7, Problem 8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-2-butene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethyl-3-ethylhexane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 4,5-diethyloctane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Cyclooctene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkene is CnH2n−m .

Where, m represents number of double bonds.

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Propadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-pentyne should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as alkyne having general molecular formula CnH2n−2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkynes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

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Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-2-butene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethyl-3-ethylhexane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 4,5-diethyloctane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Cyclooctene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkene is CnH2n−m .

Where, m represents number of double bonds.

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Propadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-pentyne should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as alkyne having general molecular formula CnH2n−2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkynes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethylcyclobutane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkane is CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-2-butene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-2-butene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethyl-3-ethylhexane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2,3-Dimethyl-3-ethylhexane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 4,5-diethyloctane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 4,5-diethyloctane should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkanes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Cyclooctene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkene is CnH2n−m .

Where, m represents number of double bonds.

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Cyclooctene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

The compounds in which series of atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compound whereas the compounds which are open chain compounds and their atoms doesn't form a ring is known as acyclic compounds. The general molecular formula of cyclic alkene is CnH2n−m .

Where, m represents number of double bonds.

Rules of drawing structures of cycloalkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the cyclic ring of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 18

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Propadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 19

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of Propadiene should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon having one or more double bond is known as alkene having general molecular formula CnH2n .

Rules of drawing structures of alkenes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 20

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-pentyne should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as alkyne having general molecular formula CnH2n−2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkynes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 21

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2-pentyne should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as alkyne having general molecular formula CnH2n−2 .

Rules of drawing structures of alkynes are:

First identify the base name, and then draw the straight chain of carbon atoms according to the base name.

After that according to the given position of the substituents, locate them on carbon atoms (replacement of hydrogen atom occurs).

Answer 22

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Ch. 7 - Prob. 1P Ch. 7 - Is it possible for a motor fuel to have a negative...Ch. 7 - A gaseous alkane is burned completely in oxygen....Ch. 7 - A gaseous alkyne is burned completely in oxygen....Ch. 7 - Write a chemical equation involving structural...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7P Ch. 7 - Prob. 8P Ch. 7 - Prob. 9P Ch. 7 - Prob. 10P

Chapter 7 Solutions