It is to be explained why the equilibrium percentage of the first given molecule in its keto form is lower than that of the second given molecule, referring to Table 7-1. Concept introduction: In aqueous basic or acidic conditions, ketones and aldehydes exist in rapid equilibrium with a rearranged form called enol form. As a ketone or aldehyde, the species is called the keto form. In the enol form, the species has a carbon atom that is simultaneously a part of a C = C bond, which is a characteristic of alkenes , and is bonded to OH , which is a characteristic of alcohol. These two forms are always in equilibrium with each other, and this is called keto-enol tautomerization. For cyclic aldehydes and ketones, the percentage of keto form increases as the ring size increases. This is because the angle strain increases in small cyclic rings. The bond angle for a sp 2 hybridized carbon atom is larger than it is for a sp 3 hybridized carbon atom.

Question

Predict the temperature change produced by burning 3.55 g benzoic acid in a bomb calorimeter that has a heat capacity of 20.12 kJ/°C. The enthalpy of combustion of benzoic acid is −26.43 kJ/g.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be explained why the equilibrium percentage of the first given molecule in its keto form is lower than that of the second given molecule, referring to Table 7-1.

Concept introduction:

In aqueous basic or acidic conditions, ketones and aldehydes exist in rapid equilibrium with a rearranged form called enol form. As a ketone or aldehyde, the species is called the keto form. In the enol form, the species has a carbon atom that is simultaneously a part of a C = C bond, which is a characteristic of alkenes, and is bonded to OH, which is a characteristic of alcohol. These two forms are always in equilibrium with each other, and this is called keto-enol tautomerization. For cyclic aldehydes and ketones, the percentage of keto form increases as the ring size increases. This is because the angle strain increases in small cyclic rings. The bond angle for a sp2 hybridized carbon atom is larger than it is for a sp3 hybridized carbon atom.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Predict the temperature change produced by burning 3.55 g benzoic acid in a bomb calorimeter that has a heat capacity of 20.12 kJ/°C. The enthalpy of combustion of benzoic acid is −26.43 kJ/g.

Determine the entropy change for the reaction SO 2 (g) + O2(g) → SO3(g) given the following information: Substance S° (J/mol K) . SO2(g) 248.2 O2(g) 205.0 SO3(g) 256.8

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and water. If ΔH ° = −56.13 kJ/mol and ΔS ° = 79.11 J/mol ⋅ K, what is the temperature of the reaction if ΔG ° = −80.89 kJ/mol?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be explained why the equilibrium percentage of the first given molecule in its keto form is lower than that of the second given molecule, referring to Table 7-1.

Concept introduction:

In aqueous basic or acidic conditions, ketones and aldehydes exist in rapid equilibrium with a rearranged form called enol form. As a ketone or aldehyde, the species is called the keto form. In the enol form, the species has a carbon atom that is simultaneously a part of a C = C bond, which is a characteristic of alkenes, and is bonded to OH, which is a characteristic of alcohol. These two forms are always in equilibrium with each other, and this is called keto-enol tautomerization. For cyclic aldehydes and ketones, the percentage of keto form increases as the ring size increases. This is because the angle strain increases in small cyclic rings. The bond angle for a sp2 hybridized carbon atom is larger than it is for a sp3 hybridized carbon atom.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be explained why the equilibrium percentage of the first given molecule in its keto form is lower than that of the second given molecule, referring to Table 7-1.

Concept introduction:

In aqueous basic or acidic conditions, ketones and aldehydes exist in rapid equilibrium with a rearranged form called enol form. As a ketone or aldehyde, the species is called the keto form. In the enol form, the species has a carbon atom that is simultaneously a part of a C = C bond, which is a characteristic of alkenes, and is bonded to OH, which is a characteristic of alcohol. These two forms are always in equilibrium with each other, and this is called keto-enol tautomerization. For cyclic aldehydes and ketones, the percentage of keto form increases as the ring size increases. This is because the angle strain increases in small cyclic rings. The bond angle for a sp2 hybridized carbon atom is larger than it is for a sp3 hybridized carbon atom.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.42P

Interpretation Introduction