Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6.42E
At what pressure does the boiling point of water become
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1. Where did the R constant in PV=nRT come from, and why must we convert everything to the units of the R constant?
2. Why does the density of water change with its temperature?
3. If all of the gas was not vaporized before taking the mass (some stayed in liquid form), how would that affect the final molar mass calculation?
4. If a sample of ethanol (C2H6O) was determined to have a pressure of 2 atm at a temperature of 25°C, what is its density (in g/L)?
Part C
in Liters (L)
At 25 °C and 1.0 atm pressure, what is the minimum quantity of dry air needed to
combust 1.2 L of CH4 (g) completely to CO2(g)? Remember that oxygen is
present in the atmosphere to the extent of 209,480 parts per million.
Express your answer using two significant figures.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.8ECh. 6 - 6.9. Identify and explain the sign on in equation...Ch. 6 - 6.10. Use Hess’s law to prove that .
Ch. 6 - 6.11. Calculate the amount of heat necessary to...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.12ECh. 6 - Assume that the vapH of an evaporating liquid...Ch. 6 - 6.14. As a follow-up to the previous exercise,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.15ECh. 6 - 6.16. What is for isothermal conversion of liquid...Ch. 6 -
6.17. Estimate the melting point of nickel, Ni,...Ch. 6 -
6.18. Estimate the boiling point of platinum, Pt,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.19ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.20ECh. 6 - 6.21. What assumption is used in the integration...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.22ECh. 6 - Sulfur, in its cyclic molecular form having the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.24ECh. 6 - 6.25. Phosphorus exists as several allotropes that...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.26ECh. 6 - 6.27. What is higher for a substance: its normal...Ch. 6 - 6.28. Elemental gallium is another substance whose...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.29ECh. 6 - Consider the sulfur solid-state phase transition...Ch. 6 - 6.31. If it takes mega bars of pressure to change...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.32ECh. 6 - Four alcohols have the formula C4H9OH: 1-butanol,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.34ECh. 6 - At 20.0C, the vapor pressure of ethanol is...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.36ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.37ECh. 6 - Ethanol has a density of 0.789g/cm3 and a vapor...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.39ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.40ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.41ECh. 6 - 6.42. At what pressure does the boiling point of...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.43ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.44ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.45ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.46ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.47ECh. 6 - 6.48. Explain how glaciers, huge masses of solid...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.49ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.50ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.51ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.52ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.53ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.54ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.55ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.56ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.57ECh. 6 - Use the phase diagram of water in Figure 6.6 and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.59ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.60ECh. 6 - At the triple point of a substance, the vapor...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.62ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.63ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.64ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.65ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.66ECh. 6 - The phase diagram for elemental sulfur is shown in...Ch. 6 - Consider the phase diagram of sulfur in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.69ECh. 6 - Rearrange the Clausius-Clapeyron equation,...
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- Mass of CO2 formed early = 1.2 x 106 g The world burns approximately 3.8×1012 kg of fossil fuel per year. The previous two statements were either given or solved for in part a of the question. The following is the question asked in part b. The current concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is approximately 376 ppm (by volume). By what percentage does the concentration increase each year due to fossil fuel combustion? Approximate the average properties of the entire atmosphere by assuming that the atmosphere extends from sea level to 15 km and that it has an average pressure of 381 torr and average temperature of 275 K. Assume Earth is a perfect sphere with a radius of 6371 km. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.arrow_forward● Explain why higher average kinetic energy results in higher vapor pressure in terms of IMFs.arrow_forwardHow do you do this?arrow_forward
- 1. The partial pressure of oxygen is 0.20 atm at sea level at 25°C. Calculate its partial pressure at an altitude of 30 km (the stratosphere).arrow_forward1.A hydrogen gas thermometer is found to have a volume of 2000 cm3 when placed in an ice-water bath at 0°C at 1 atm. When the same thermometer is immersed in boiling liquid chlorine, the volume of hydrogen at 740 mmHg pressure is found to be 1500 cm3. What is the temperature of the boiling point of chlorine?arrow_forwardCalculate the temperature (in °C) at which dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) boils at a mountain top research facility where the atmospheric pressure is 550.0 torr.This type of calculation is very sensitive to precision. Carry at least 5 decimal places through your calculations and then round your answer to one decimal place at the end. Also use the conversion that K=°C+273.15 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Formula: C2H6OS Molecular Weight:78.13 Boiling Point (in Celsius):189.0 Hvap (kJ/mol):52.9arrow_forward
- 8. For the reaction 2H₂O(1) + 2e¯ → H₂(g) + 2OH(aq), calculate the volume of "dry" hydrogen gas created at a pressure of 745 mm Hg and 25.0 °C when 0.6696 g H₂O are used. The vapor pressure of water at this temperature is 23.8 mmHg. A) 0.479 L B) 0.464 L C) 0.450 L D) 4.18 L E) 4.05 Larrow_forwardSulfur is NOT ductile, and NOT malieable. Is sulfur a metal, non metal, or metalloid?arrow_forward76. Dry air is 78% nitrogen gas, 21% oxygen gas, and 0.9% argon gas. These gases can be separated by distillation after the air is first converted to a liquid. In one of the steps in this process, filtered air is compressed enough to increase the pressure to about 5.2 atm. To what volume must 175 L of air at 1.0 atm be compressed to yield a pressure of 5.2 atm? The argon derived from the distillation of air can be used in fluorescent light bulbs. When 225 L of argon gas at 0.997 atm are distilled from the air and allowed to expand to a volume of 91.5 m3, what is the new pressure of the gas in pascals?arrow_forward
- 22. 40.0 mL of a 3.79 M solution of H2O2 decomposes according to this reaction: 2 H2O2 (aq) → 2 H2O(1) + O2 (g) The oxygen formed is collected over water in an inverted graduated cylinder at 20.0 °C. The volume of gas in the cylinder is 1.94 L. What is the total pressure in the cylinder when reaction is complete? Note: the vapor pressure of water is 17.55 mm Hg at 20.0°C.arrow_forwardbha Please don't provide handwritten soluttionarrow_forwardHow does hydraulic fracturing differ from previously used techniques for the recovery of natural gas from the earth?arrow_forward
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Intermolecular Forces and Boiling Points; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08kGgrqaZXA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY