Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781133603184
Author: Frances Sizer, Ellie Whitney
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6, Problem 5SC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Protein digestion is a process in which human body’s
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From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of the digestive tract are made of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen outward.
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
mucosa, submucosa, serosa, muscularis externa
muscularis externa, serosa, mucosa, submucosa
serosa, mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa
Drag and drop each structure or characteristic to the correct intestine.
Small intestine
Absorbs water and salts
Contains rectum
Most vitamins are absorbed here
Lacteals absorb fat
Villi and microvilli increase surface area
Contains 3-part colon
Digestive enzymes are produced by
epithelial lining
Smaller diameter
Digestive enzymes produced by the
pancreas enter here
Contains appendix
Contains cecum
1-1.5 meters long in adult human
Minerals are absorbed here
3 meters long in adult human
Stores and concentrates undigested
material
Nutrients are absorbed here
Hydrolytic enzymes break down
macromolecules
Large intestine
The cephalic phase of digestion:
begins when someone smells and initially tastes food.
is inhibited by cholecystokinin and secretin from the small intestin.
includes the initial steps of chemical protein digestion.
Is an immediate response to stomach distension.
all of the above..
Chapter 6 Solutions
Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
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- List the organs and accessory organs of the digestive system. On a separate piece of paper, list the main functions of each organ.arrow_forwardFigure 34.19 Which of the following statements about digestive processes is true? Amylase, maltaseT and lactase in the mouth digest carbohydrates. Trypsin and lipase in the stomach digest protein. Bile emulsifies lipids in the small intestine. No food is absorbed until the small intestine.arrow_forwardMatch the digestive system parts and functions.arrow_forward
- Figure 34.11 Which of the following statements about the digestive system is false? Chyme is a mixture of food and digestive juices that is produced in the stomach. Food enters the large intestine before the small intestine. In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies fats. The stomach is separated from the small intestine by the pylloric sphincter.arrow_forwardThe lack of adequate saliva due to the absence of or diminished secretions by the salivary glands is known as zerostomia. _____________________arrow_forwardThe cephalic phase of digestion: is an immediate response to stomach distension begins when someone smells and initially tastes food. is inhibited by cholecystokinin and secreted from the small intestine includes the initial steps of chemical protein digestion All of the abovearrow_forward
- Functions of the stomach include all of the following, except initiation of protein digestion. mechanical breakdown of food. storage of ingested food. absorption of dipeptides. denaturation of proteins.arrow_forwardThis PHASE of digestion IS NOT influenced by distension. Cephalic Intestinal Defecation Gastric Previousarrow_forwardMatch the following processes of the Digestive System to their specific description. Match each item to a choice: Choices: Defecation Digestion Secretion Mixing and propulsion Ingestion Absorption the process by which food material are mixed together and propelled within the GI tract. the process by which micro molecules from the process of digestion are absorbed within the small intestine. the chemical and mechanical process of degrading food material into small particles. the act of taking something (food, medicine, liquid, poison etc.) into the body through the mouth. the process by which undigested food particle are expelled out of the body. the process by which chemical enzymes are secreted by the Digestive System aiding Digestion.arrow_forward
- The salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gall bladder are considered accessory organs in the digestive system. They are not part of the digestive track but contribute to digestion. List the accessory organ associated with each the following functions. Produces bicarbonate to neutralize acidity as stomach contents enter the small intestine. Stores and releases bile to aid in breakdown of fats. Produces bile. Produces enzymes that enter the small intestine and aid in digestion. Moistens food Produces salivary amylase Produces hormones that regulate blood glucose levels. Stores glucose as glycogen (a polysaccharide)arrow_forwardWhich of the following descriptions is incorrectly matched to the type of digestion occuring? Acidic pH of gastric juice helping break down proteins and activate enzymes - mechanical digestion Salivary amylase breaking down starch - chemical digestion Peristalsis of the small intestine mixing up chyme - mechanical digestion bile salts helping to emulsify fats and raise the pH - chemical digestion chewing and mixing of food in the mouth - mechanical digestionarrow_forwardPlace the steps regarding fat digestion and absorption in the correct order. The abbreviation TAG is used for triacylglycerol (triglyceride). Triacylglycerols enter stomach Triacylglycerols absorbed into cells Answer Bank The gallbladder secretes bile into the small intestine. Undigested fats enter the small intestine. TAGS in chylomicrons enter the lymph system. TAGS in chylomicrons enter the bloodstream. Insoluble lipids, in micelles, are absorbed through the lining of the small intestine. Pancreatic lipase hydrolyzes TAGs in lipid droplets.arrow_forward
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