Chapter 6, Problem 38P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experimental conditions that would be used to ensure that elimination is favored over substitution.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon, or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called a substitution reaction. Substitution reactions the hybridization of the central atom remains same that is sp³.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called an elimination reaction. The hybridization of the atoms thus changes from sp³ to sp².

Nucleophilic substitution reaction is a reaction in which one nucleophile (weak nucleophile) is replaced by a strong nucleophile.

A nucleophile is a molecule or atom with the highest negative charge.

There are two types of nucleophilic substitution reactions: ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ is a unimolecular reaction and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ is a bimolecular reaction.