EBK OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
12th Edition
ISBN: 8220100283963
Author: Stevenson
Publisher: YUZU
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5.S, Problem 10P
A manager must decide how many machines of a certain type to buy. The machines will be used to manufacture a new gear for which there is increased demand. The manager has narrowed the decision to two alternatives: buy one machine or buy two. If only one machine is purchased and demand is more than it can handle, a second machine can be purchased at a later time. However, the cost per machine would be lower if the two machines were purchased at the same time.
The estimated probability of low demand is .30, and the estimated probability of high demand is .70.
The
The net present value for one machine and low demand is $90,000. If demand is high, there are three options. One option is to do nothing, which would have a net present value of $90,000. A second option is to subcontract, that would have a net present value of $110,000. The third option is to purchase a second machine. This option would have a net present value of $100,000.
How many machines should the manager purchase initially? Use a decision tree to analyze this problem.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Company DEF has a choice of
two machines to purchase. They
both make the same product
which sells for P10. Machine A
has FC of P5,000 and a per unit
cost of P5. Machine B has FC of
P15,000 and a per unit cost of
P1. Under what conditions would
you select Machine A?
A machine tool salesperson offers XY plant equipment that would increase their fixed cost by $180,000, but reduce their variable cost from $40.00 to $25.00. Should the plant accept this suggestion if they can sell their entire plant capacity of 10,000 units per year at $100 each?
Q=
units
Below is a decision table for Gregor’s Tennis School. Director Gregor Anderson is considering expanding his school to accommodate the potential increased interest in youth tennis lessons, camps and teams. The decision table below describes his situation.Decision Table
State of Nature
Alternatives
High Demand
Moderate Demand
Low Demand
Add a new building
30,00030,000
9,5009,500
−35,000-35,000
Extend hours for existing building
25,00025,000
4,2004,200
−4,000-4,000
Do Nothing
00
00
00
Step 2 of 3:
What is the estimated payoff for adding a new building during moderate demand?
Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
Ch. 5.8 - Explain the meaning of the phrase Hours versus...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 1.2RQCh. 5.8 - Prob. 1.3RQCh. 5.8 - Prob. 1.4RQCh. 5.8 - Prob. 1.5RQCh. 5.S - Prob. 1DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 2DRQCh. 5.S - Explain the term bounded rationality.Ch. 5.S - Prob. 4DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 5DRQ
Ch. 5.S - What information is contained in a payoff table?Ch. 5.S - Prob. 7DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 8DRQCh. 5.S - Under what circumstances is expected monetary...Ch. 5.S - Explain or define each of these terms: a. Laplace...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 11DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 12DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 13DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 1PCh. 5.S - Refer to problem1. Suppose after a certain amount...Ch. 5.S - Refer to Problems 1 and 2 Construct a graph that...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 4PCh. 5.S - Prob. 5PCh. 5.S - The lease of Theme Park, Inc., is about to expire....Ch. 5.S - Prob. 7PCh. 5.S - Prob. 8PCh. 5.S - Prob. 9PCh. 5.S - A manager must decide how many machines of a...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 11PCh. 5.S - Prob. 12PCh. 5.S - Prob. 13PCh. 5.S - Prob. 14PCh. 5.S - Give this payoff table: a. Determine the range of...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 16PCh. 5.S - Repeat all parts of problem 16, assuming the value...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 18PCh. 5 - Prob. 1DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 2DRQCh. 5 - How do long-term and short-term capacity...Ch. 5 - Give an example of a good and a service that...Ch. 5 - Give some example of building flexibility into...Ch. 5 - Why is it important to adopt a big-picture...Ch. 5 - What is meant by capacity in chunks, and why is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8DRQCh. 5 - How can a systems approach to capacity planning be...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10DRQCh. 5 - Why is it important to match process capabilities...Ch. 5 - Briefly discuss how uncertainty affects capacity...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 14DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 15DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 16DRQCh. 5 - What is the benefit to a business organization of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1TSCh. 5 - Prob. 2TSCh. 5 - Prob. 3TSCh. 5 - Prob. 1CTECh. 5 - Prob. 2CTECh. 5 - Identify four potential unethical actions or...Ch. 5 - Any increase in efficiency also increases...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1PCh. 5 - In a job shop, effective capacity is only 50...Ch. 5 - A producer of pottery is considering the addition...Ch. 5 - A small firm intends to increase the capacity of a...Ch. 5 - A producer of felt-tip pens has received a...Ch. 5 - A real estate agent is considering changing her...Ch. 5 - A firm plans to begin production of a new small...Ch. 5 - A manager is trying to decide whether to purchase...Ch. 5 - A company manufactures a product using two machine...Ch. 5 - A company must decide which type of machine to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11PCh. 5 - A manager must decide how many machines of a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13PCh. 5 - The following diagram shows a four-step process...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15PCh. 5 - Prob. 16PCh. 5 - Prob. 17PCh. 5 - Prob. 18PCh. 5 - A new machine will cost 18,000, butt result it...Ch. 5 - Remodelling an office will cost 25,000 and will...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CQCh. 5 - Prob. 2CQCh. 5 - Prob. 3CQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, operations-management and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Scenario 3 Ben Gibson, the purchasing manager at Coastal Products, was reviewing purchasing expenditures for packaging materials with Jeff Joyner. Ben was particularly disturbed about the amount spent on corrugated boxes purchased from Southeastern Corrugated. Ben said, I dont like the salesman from that company. He comes around here acting like he owns the place. He loves to tell us about his fancy car, house, and vacations. It seems to me he must be making too much money off of us! Jeff responded that he heard Southeastern Corrugated was going to ask for a price increase to cover the rising costs of raw material paper stock. Jeff further stated that Southeastern would probably ask for more than what was justified simply from rising paper stock costs. After the meeting, Ben decided he had heard enough. After all, he prided himself on being a results-oriented manager. There was no way he was going to allow that salesman to keep taking advantage of Coastal Products. Ben called Jeff and told him it was time to rebid the corrugated contract before Southeastern came in with a price increase request. Who did Jeff know that might be interested in the business? Jeff replied he had several companies in mind to include in the bidding process. These companies would surely come in at a lower price, partly because they used lower-grade boxes that would probably work well enough in Coastal Products process. Jeff also explained that these suppliers were not serious contenders for the business. Their purpose was to create competition with the bids. Ben told Jeff to make sure that Southeastern was well aware that these new suppliers were bidding on the contract. He also said to make sure the suppliers knew that price was going to be the determining factor in this quote, because he considered corrugated boxes to be a standard industry item. Is Ben Gibson acting legally? Is he acting ethically? Why or why not?arrow_forwardScenario 3 Ben Gibson, the purchasing manager at Coastal Products, was reviewing purchasing expenditures for packaging materials with Jeff Joyner. Ben was particularly disturbed about the amount spent on corrugated boxes purchased from Southeastern Corrugated. Ben said, I dont like the salesman from that company. He comes around here acting like he owns the place. He loves to tell us about his fancy car, house, and vacations. It seems to me he must be making too much money off of us! Jeff responded that he heard Southeastern Corrugated was going to ask for a price increase to cover the rising costs of raw material paper stock. Jeff further stated that Southeastern would probably ask for more than what was justified simply from rising paper stock costs. After the meeting, Ben decided he had heard enough. After all, he prided himself on being a results-oriented manager. There was no way he was going to allow that salesman to keep taking advantage of Coastal Products. Ben called Jeff and told him it was time to rebid the corrugated contract before Southeastern came in with a price increase request. Who did Jeff know that might be interested in the business? Jeff replied he had several companies in mind to include in the bidding process. These companies would surely come in at a lower price, partly because they used lower-grade boxes that would probably work well enough in Coastal Products process. Jeff also explained that these suppliers were not serious contenders for the business. Their purpose was to create competition with the bids. Ben told Jeff to make sure that Southeastern was well aware that these new suppliers were bidding on the contract. He also said to make sure the suppliers knew that price was going to be the determining factor in this quote, because he considered corrugated boxes to be a standard industry item. As the Marketing Manager for Southeastern Corrugated, what would you do upon receiving the request for quotation from Coastal Products?arrow_forwardPrescribed fire is an important tool for foresters. A recent article describes how decision analysis is used to decide when, where and what to burn. In one example, a number of areas in the Tahoe National Forest in California had been logged and were being prepared for replanting. Preparation included prescribed burning, and two possible treatments were available: burning the slash as it lay on the ground, or “yarding of and merchantable material” (YUM) prior to burning. The latter treatment involves using heavy equipment to pile the slash. YUM reduces the difficulty of controlling the burn but costs an additional $100 per acre. In deciding between the two treatments two uncertainties were considered critical. The first was how the fire would behave under each scenario. For example, the buyer could be fully successful, problems could arise which could be controlled eventually, or the fire could escape entailing considerable losses. Second if problems developed, they could result in…arrow_forward
- Spartan Castings must implement a manufacturing process that reduces the amount of particulates emitted into the atmosphere. Two processes have been identified that provide the same level of particulate reduction. The first process is expected to incur $350,000 of fixed cost and add $50 of variable cost to each casting Spartan produces. The second process has fixed costs of $150,000 and adds $90 of variable cost per casting.a. What is the break-even quantity beyond which the first process is more attractive?b. What is the difference in total cost if the quantity produced is 10,000?arrow_forwardA scrap value of $ 1300 at the end of the 6th year of an agricultural machine purchased for $ 8000 It is expected to be sold. The operating costs of the machine are 1700 dollars in the first year and in other years. It is estimated that it will increase by 11% each year. At an annual interest rate of 8% Find the equivalent present value of the machine.arrow_forwardThe bus of company A has planned their capacity in terms of ‘bus-days’. Forecasts show expected annual demands for the next year to average 400,000 full-day passengers and 840,000 half-day passengers. The company has 61 buses, each with an effective capacity of 40 passengers a day for 300 days a year. Breakdowns and other unexpected problems reduce efficiency to 90%. They employ 86 drivers who work an average of 220 days a year, but illness and other absences reduce their efficiency to 85%. If there is a shortage of buses the company can buy extra ones for $110,000 or hire them for $100 a day. If there is a shortage of drivers they can recruit extra ones at a cost of $20,000 a year, or hire them from an agency for $110 a day. How can the company approach its tactical planning? Please recommend company A the best plan and explain in detail the reasons for the selectionarrow_forward
- A manager is trying to decide whether to buy one machineor two. If only one is purchased and demand proves to beexcessive, the second machine can be purchased later. Somesales will be lost, however, because the lead time for produc-ing this type of machine is six months. In addition, the costper machine will be lower if both are purchased at the sametime. The probability of low demand is estimated to be 0.20.The after-tax net present value of the benefits from purchas-ing the two machines together is $90,000 if demand is lowand $180,000 if demand is high.If one machine is purchased and demand is low, the netpresent value is $120,000. If demand is high, the managerhas three options. Doing nothing has a net present value of$120,000; subcontracting, $160,000; and buying the secondmachine, $140,000.a. Draw a decision tree for this problem.b. How many machines should the company buy initially?What is the expected payoff for this alternative?arrow_forwardWinchester Hospital is a privately owned institution. The hospital is at full capacity, but the governing board would like to see an increase in revenue. They’ve tasked you, the hospital administrator, with finding ways to accomplish this. If you are able to raise revenue, the board will provide you with a significant year-end bonus. Currently, 50% of Winchester’s rooms can be converted from having one bed to having two beds, allowing for more patients to be admitted. Doctors, nurses, and other hospital staff are firmly against this move, especially because additional hiring is not planned. These stakeholders make up the vast majority of the hospital workforce. Evaluate this situation using both the utilitarianism and individualistic (ethical egoism) approaches. Define each approach and describe how each would resolve the decision. What would you expect the outcome of each decision to be? Support your conclusions with facts from the situation.arrow_forwardThe school cafeteria can make pizza for approximately $0.30 a slice. The cost of kitchen use and cafeteria staff runs about $185 per day. The Pizza Den nearby will deliver whole pizzas for $9.25 each. The cafeteria staff cuts the pizza into 8 slices and serves them in the usual cafeteria line. With no cooking duties, the staff can be reduced by half, for a fixed cost of $90 per day. Should the school cafeteria make or buy its pizzas? (Round answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 52.75.) 2.40 13.87 make : buy If more than students want pizza for lunch, the cafeteria should its own. Otherwise, they should from Pizza Den.arrow_forward
- Byron Bay Cookie Company operates two bakehouses, one on the Gold Coast and the other in Byron Bay. There has been a reduction in demand for its products and it is no longer viable to operate both bakehouses. Management needs to decide which of the two it will discontinue to operate in the coming year. A preliminary investigation shows that the Gold Coast bakehouse is able to produce products at a faster rate than the Byron Bay bakehouse. However, this is because of an inefficient heating process. Transport costs are cheaper at the Gold Coast plant, as it is located closer to major suppliers. The following information relates to the two bakehouses for the past year: Gold Coast Byron Bay Average Direct Material cost per kilogram of cookies $3.50 $3.15 Other variable operating costs per kilogram of cookies $1.50 $0.75 Fixed cost of the bakehouse per annum $75 000 $55 000 Net cost of closing the plant $ 100 000 $80 000 Transport costs…arrow_forwardCaine Bottling Corporation is considering the purchase of a new bottling machine. The machine would cost $200,000 and has an estimated useful life of 8 years with zero salvage value. Management estimates that the new bottling machine will provide net annual cash flows of $34,000. Management also believes that the new bottling machine will save the company money because it is expected to be more reliable than other machines, and thus will reduce downtime. Assume a discount rate of 9%. Click here to view the factor table. Calculate the net present value. (If the net present value is negative, use either a negative sign preceding the number eg -45 or parentheses eg (45). For calculation purposes, use 5 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided. Round present value answer to O decimal places, e.g. 125.) Net present value $ How much would the reduction in downtime have to be worth in order for the project to be acceptable? (Round answer to O decimal places, e.g. 125.) $…arrow_forwardCarizick Co manufactures gaming products. It has created a new games console called the QpBox which is about to be launched. Demand for the QpBox is anticipated to be high. The product life cycle of the QpBox is expected to be three years with 300,000 units forecast to be sold during its first year. Sales volumes are expected to decrease by 75,000 units in each subsequent year. Production volumes will be based on expected demand levels. The following costs for the QpBox have been determined: Design and development Pre-launch advertising Advertising in Year 2 Packaging Manufacturing cost $120m $0.5m $0.4m $3 per unit $80 per unit At a recent board meeting, the finance director said that Carizick Co should look to maximise the profitability of the QpBox over its life cycle. The marketing director made the comment that Carizick Co should focus on extending the maturity phase of the life cycle only as this stage is where the QpBox is most profitable. Contract with Zone Co Carizick Co has…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,
Purchasing and Supply Chain ManagementOperations ManagementISBN:9781285869681Author:Robert M. Monczka, Robert B. Handfield, Larry C. Giunipero, James L. PattersonPublisher:Cengage Learning
Practical Management Science
Operations Management
ISBN:9781337406659
Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.
Publisher:Cengage,
Purchasing and Supply Chain Management
Operations Management
ISBN:9781285869681
Author:Robert M. Monczka, Robert B. Handfield, Larry C. Giunipero, James L. Patterson
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Inventory Management | Concepts, Examples and Solved Problems; Author: Dr. Bharatendra Rai;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2n9NLZTIlz8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY