Chapter 5, Problem 76AP

For each of the following processes that show the format ion of ions, complete the process by indicating the number of electrons that must be gained or lost to form the ion. Indicate the total number of electrons in the ion, and in the atom from which it was made.

1. $\text{Al}\to {\text{Al}}^{3+}$  d. $\text{F}\to {\text{F}}^{-}$

   $\text{S}\to {\text{S}}^{2-}$  e. $\text{Zn}\to {\text{Zn}}^{2+}$

   $\text{Cu}\to {\text{Cu}}^{+}$  f. $\text{P}\to {\text{P}}^{3-}$