Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The rms speed (in m/s) of nitrogen
The approximate curves of molecular speed distributions of
Concept Introduction:
Root-mean-square (rms):
The root-mean-square molecular speed (u) is given by the below formula.
Where,
R is the molar gas constant
T is the absolute temperature
Answer to Problem 5.89QP
The rms speed (in m/s) of nitrogen molecules at
The rms speed (in m/s) of nitrogen molecules at
The approximate curves of molecular speed distributions of
Figure 1
Explanation of Solution
To Calculate: The rms speed (in m/s) of nitrogen
Use root-mean-square molecular speed formula to calculate rms.
rms speed of nitrogen molecules at
Convert temperature to Kelvin:
The molar mass of nitrogen
The absolute temperature is, T = 298 K
The gas constant is, R =
The root-mean-square is calculated as follows,
Therefore, the rms for the nitrogen molecules at
rms speed of nitrogen molecules at
Convert temperature to Kelvin:
The molar mass of nitrogen
The absolute temperature is, T = 398 K
The gas constant is, R =
The root-mean-square is calculated as follows,
Therefore, the rms for the nitrogen molecules at
To Sketch: The approximate curves of molecular speed distributions of
The approximate curves of molecular speed distributions of distributions of
Figure 1
The rms speed (in m/s) of nitrogen molecules at
The rms speed (in m/s) of nitrogen molecules at
The approximate curves of molecular speed distributions of
Figure 1
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
- perform stoichiometric ca1cu1uions for reactions involving gases as reactants or products.arrow_forward109 An ore sample with a mass of 670 kg contains 27.7% magnesium carbonate, MgCO3. If all of the magnesium carbonate in this ore sample is decomposed to form carbon dioxide, describe how to determine what volume of CO2 is evolved during the process. What would have to be measured to predict the needed volume in advance?arrow_forwardUranium hexafluoride, UF6, is a white solid that sublimes (vaporizes without melting) at 57C under normal atmospheric pressure. The compound is used to separate uranium isotopes by effusion. What is the rms speed (in m/s) of a uranium hexafluoride molecule at 57C?arrow_forward
- A 1.000-g sample of an unknown gas at 0C gives the following data: P(atm) V (L) 0.2500 3.1908 0.5000 1.5928 0.7500 1.0601 1.0000 0.7930 Use these data to calculate the value of the molar mass at each of the given pressures from the ideal gas law (we will call this the apparent molar mass at this pressure). Plot the apparent molar masses against pressure and extrapolate to find the molar mass at zero pressure. Because the ideal gas law is most accurate at low pressures, this extrapolation will give an accurate value for the molar mass. What is the accurate molar mass?arrow_forwardSulfur-containing compounds give skunks their potent smell. One of the principal smelly compounds in skunk spray is (E)-2-butene-1-thiol, C4H7S. a What is the root-mean-square (rms) molecular speed of a gas molecule of this compound at 25C? b Using the value from part a, calculate how long it would take a molecule of C4H7S to reach your nose if you were 150 m from the skunk. c Does the calculation that you performed in part b provide an accurate estimate for the length of time it would take for the molecule to travel 150 m, or is there something that was overlooked in performing the calculation?arrow_forwardThe density of liquid oxygen is about 1.4 g/cm3. Vaporized at 00C and 760 torr, this same 1.4 g occupies 980 cm3, an expansion of 700 times the liquids volume.arrow_forward
- Scottish physicist W. J. M. Rankine proposed an absolute temperature scale based on the Fahrenheit degree, now called degree Rankine abbreviated R and used by some engineering fields. If a degree Rankine is 5/9 of a degree Kelvin, what is the value of the ideal gas law constant in L. atm/mol. R?arrow_forwardGiven that 1.00 mol of neon and 1.00 mol of hydrogen chloride gas are in separate containers at the same temperature and pressure, calculate each of the following ratios. (a) volume Ne/volume HCI (b) density Ne/density HCI (c) average translational energy Ne/average translational energy HCI (d) number of Ne atoms/number of HCl moleculesarrow_forwardThe gas in the discharge cell of a laser contains (in mole percent) 11% CO2, 5.3% N2, and 84% He. (a) What is the molar mass of this mixture? (b) Calculate the density of this gas mixture at 32C and 758 mm Hg. (c) What is the ratio of the density of this gas to that of air (MM=29.0g/mol)at the same conditions?arrow_forward
- Target check For each of the macroscopic charcateristics unique to the gas phase of matter described in section 4.1-a compressibility, b expandability, c low density, d may be mixed in a fixed volume, and e uniform, constant pressure on container walls-describe how a postulate of the kinetic molecular theory explains the reason for the characteristic.arrow_forwardA sample of a breathing mixture for divers contained 34.3% helium, He; 51.7% nitrogen, N2; and 14.0% oxygen, O2 (by mass). What is the density of this mixture at 22C and 775 mmHg?arrow_forwardYou have an equimolar mixture of the gases SO2 and O2, along with some He, in a container fitted with a piston. The density of this mixture at STP is 1.924 g/L. Assume ideal behavior and constant temperature and pressure. a. What is the mole fraction of He in the original mixture? b. The SO2 and O2 react to completion to form SO3. What is the density of the gas mixture after the reaction is complete?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co