FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781323406038
Author: McMurry
Publisher: PEARSON C
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 5, Problem 5.75GP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Many pharmaceuticals are marketed with the designation
Concept introduction:
Reactions of ionic compounds can be grouped into three and they are,
- 1. Precipitation reaction: A precipitation reaction takes place when two solutions of well soluble substances together form a poorly soluble salt.
- 2. Acid- base neutralization reaction: it is a double displacement reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound (salt) and water.
- 3.
Oxidation-reduction reaction: Both the oxidation and reduction reaction occurs together in achemical reaction . It is also known as redox reaction.
The term solubility reveals the amount of a given substance that can be dissolved in a certain amount of solvent.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Dehalogenase enzymes catalyze the clevage of C-X bonds. One such dehalogenase catalyzes the
following reaction. An active site aspartate is thought to carry out the initial nucleophilic attack that
expels the chloride. Select the most likely intermediate in the reaction. (Note the stereochemistry.
Refer to P11.19 in the textbook if needed.)
O
O
A
C
D
OE
-CH₂
H
H₂C™ CO₂
H
B
CO₂
CI
N
H₂O Cr
CO₂
H
CO₂
нотум
CH3
D
CO₂
five
N
E
CH₂
Enalapril is an anti-hypertension “pro-drug” (i.e., a drug precursor) that isinactive until the ethyl ester (arrow in figure) is hydrolyzed by esterases present in blood plasma. The active drug is the dicarboxylic acid (“enalaprilat”) that results from this hydrolysis reaction.(a) Enalapril is administered in pill form, but enalaprilat must be administered intravenously. Why do you suppose enalapril works as a pill but enalaprilat does not? (b) Enalaprilat is a competitive inhibitor of the angiotensin-convertingenzyme (ACE), which cleaves the blood-pressure regulating peptideangiotensin I. ACE has a KM = 52 μM for angiotensin I, which is presentin plasma at a concentration of 75 μM. When enalaprilat is presentat 2.4 nM, the activity of ACE in plasma is 10% of its uninhibitedactivity. What is the value of K1 for enalaprilat?
Enalapril is an anti-hypertension "prodrug" (i.e, a drug precursor)
that is inactive until the ethyl ester (arrow in figure) is hydrolyzed by
esterases present in blood plasma. The active drug is the dicarboxylic
acid ("enalaprilat") that results from this hydrolysis reaction.
(a) Enalapril is administered in pill form, but enalaprilat must be
administered intravenously. Why do you suppose enalapril works as
a pill, but enalaprilat does not?
EtOOC
-NH
CH3
HOOC
Enalapril
(b) Enalaprilat is a competitive inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE), which cleaves the blood-pressure regulating peptide
angiotensin. ACE has a KM = 12 µM for angiotensin, which is
present in plasma at a concentration of 75 µM. When enalaprilat is
present at 2.4 nM, the activity of ACE in plasma is 10% of its uninhib-
ited activity. What is the value of K; for enalaprilat?
Chapter 5 Solutions
FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
Ch. 5.2 - Ozone (O3) is formed in the earths upper...Ch. 5.2 - Balance the following equations:...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 5.3KCPCh. 5.3 - Many kidney stones are formed by precipitation of...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5.2CIAPCh. 5.3 - Predict the solubility of the following compounds:...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5.5PCh. 5.4 - Write and balance equations for the following...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 5.7PCh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.8P
Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 5.9PCh. 5.6 - Prob. 5.3CIAPCh. 5.6 - The redox reaction that provides energy for the...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 5.10PCh. 5.6 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5.6 - For each of the reactions you identified as redox...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 5.13PCh. 5.7 - Identify each of the tractions in Problem 5.13 as...Ch. 5.7 - For each traction in Problem 5.13 that you...Ch. 5 - Assume that the mixture of substances in drawing...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.17UKCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.18UKCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.19UKCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.20UKCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.22APCh. 5 - Why is it not possible to balance an equation by...Ch. 5 - Write balanced equations for the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.25APCh. 5 - Which of the following equations are balanced?...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.27APCh. 5 - Balance the following equations:...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.29APCh. 5 - When organic compounds are burned, they react with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.31APCh. 5 - Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is used to etch glass...Ch. 5 - Write a balanced equation for the reaction of...Ch. 5 - Identify each of the following reactions as a...Ch. 5 - Write balanced ionic equations and net ionic...Ch. 5 - Write balanced ionic equations and net ionic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.37APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38APCh. 5 - Which of the following substances are likely to be...Ch. 5 - Which of the following substances are likely to be...Ch. 5 - Use the solubility guidelines in Section 5.3 to...Ch. 5 - Use the solubility guidelines in Section 5.3 to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.43APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46APCh. 5 - Where in the periodic table are the best reducing...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.48APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.49APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.50APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.51APCh. 5 - Assign an oxidation number to the metal in the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.53APCh. 5 - Which element is oxidized and which is reduced in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.55APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.56APCh. 5 - Prob. 5.57APCh. 5 - Identify the oxidizing agent and the reducing...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.59CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.60CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.61CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.62CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.63CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.64CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.65CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.66CPCh. 5 - Hard water contains magnesium and calcium ions...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.68CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.69CPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.70CPCh. 5 - Geologists identify carbonate minerals by reaction...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.72CPCh. 5 - High temperature combustion processes, such as in...Ch. 5 - Milk of magnesia is an over-the-counter product...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.75GP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- This is remdesivir, one of the drugs being used in the treatment of COVID-19. Label the indicated carbons as R, S, or neither. b); NH2 HO OHarrow_forwardEthylene glycol (HO−CH2−CH2−OH) is a major component of antifreeze. In the body, it is first converted to HOOC−CHO (oxoethanoic acid) and then to HOOC−COOH (oxalic acid), which is toxic. What class of enzyme catalyzes both of the reactions of ethylene glycol? The treatment for the ingestion of ethylene glycol is an intravenous solution of ethanol. How might this help prevent toxic levels of oxalic acid in the body?arrow_forwardIn a reduction reaction during phase I metabolism of a drug, a hydrogen atom is added to the drug, thereby reducing the drug. But since atoms are neutral, how exactly are electrons added to the drug?arrow_forward
- Identify any combination reactions. (Select all that apply.) C4H10 + O2 → CO2 + H2O S8 + O2 → SO3 NaNO3 → NaNO2 + O2 HgO → Hg + O2 Ga + H2SO4 → Ga2(SO4)3 + H2 AgCl2 + H2 → Ag + HCl none of the above Identify any decomposition reactions. (Select all that apply.) C4H10 + O2 → CO2 + H2O S8 + O2 → SO3 NaNO3 → NaNO2 + O2 HgO → Hg + O2 Ga + H2SO4 → Ga2(SO4)3 + H2 AgCl2 + H2 → Ag + HCl none of the abovearrow_forwardExamine the chemical reaction for the hydration of the salt calcium chloride, shown below: CaCl2(s)+H2O→Ca2++2Cl–CaCl2(s)+H2O→Ca2++2Cl–arrow_forwardA decapeptide was isolated from a thermophilic bacteria. Treatment of this peptide with 2- mercaptoethanol gave 2 pentapeptides. Further analysis of this peptide gave the following data: Trypsin: (M,Y), (K,Y,M), (K, 2A, 2C) Chymotrypsin: (2K, 2A, 2C, Y), (M), (Y,M) What is the primary structure of the decapeptide? Thank you.arrow_forward
- Propanamide and methyl acetate have about the same molar mass, both are quite soluble in water, and yet the boiling point of propanamide is 486 K, whereas that of methyl acetate is 330 K. Explain.arrow_forwardPlease draw the major product(s) of the following reaction and show the mechanism. Is there a reason why one stereochemistry is preferred over the other for this reaction?arrow_forwardIn a paragraph form, provide the experimental procedures of the development of the ring structure of α-tetralene by elimination of the water molecule will result in this product being heated in the presence of strong sulphuric acid.arrow_forward
- The enzyme urease is widely used for determining urea concentration in blood. The Michaelis constant for urease at room temperature is 2.0 mM and k2 = 2.8 × 104 s-1 at pH = 7.5. Based on the kinetic experiment, when 0.34 mM urease was used, the initial rate of the reaction was determined to be 3.49 M/sec. What is the concentration of urea in blood in unit of mM? Please keep your answer to two decimal place. Please convert all concentration unit to mM in calculation.arrow_forwardPepto-Bismol, an antacid and antidiarrheal, contains bismuth subsalicylate, C7H5BiO4. Some users of this product can experience a condition known as “black tongue,” which is caused by the reaction of bismuth(III) ions with traceamounts of S2- in saliva to form a black precipitate. Write the balanced net ionic equation for this precipitation reaction.arrow_forwardthe two derivatives of arachidonic acid shown below (A and B) have been prepared. These derivatives are selectively deuterated (i.e. the H atoms at these doubly allylic positions have been replaced with deuterium atoms. This is a very common strategy to elucidate reaction mechanisms. Please predict where the deuterium atoms would end up in the product of the cyclization reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. initiated by a tyrosyl radical by the enzyme Im stuck on itarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
