Videos
(a)
Interpretation:
The oxidizing and reducing agents in the given reaction should be determined.
Concept introduction:
In a balanced equation the number of atoms of each element as a reactant is equal to the number of atoms of that element as a product.
Change in the oxidation number of atoms involved in the reaction is one of the special characteristic of reduction reaction.
The number of electrons an atom tends to give up or gain in a
Oxidation: Losing electrons, increasing oxidation number.
Reduction: Gaining electron, decreasing oxidation number.
Oxidizing agent is a substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a chemical reaction and so it is reduced by taking electron onto itself and the reactant is oxidized by having its electron taken away.
Reducing agent is the element or compound in a
- Rules for assigning oxidation number
-
- 1. The oxidation number of the atom of an uncombined element is zero.
- 2. The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a compound must equal to the total charge on the species.
- 3. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 unless it is combined with metals, in which case it has an oxidation number of -1.
- 4. Oxygen has an oxidation number of -2, except in peroxides where it is -1 and in
(b)
Interpretation:
The oxidizing and reducing agents in the given reaction should be determined.
Concept introduction:
In a balanced equation the number of atoms of each element as a reactant is equal to the number of atoms of that element as a product.
Change in the oxidation number of atoms involved in the reaction is one of the special characteristic of reduction reaction.
The number of electrons an atom tends to give up or gain in a chemical reaction is called oxidation number.
Oxidation: Losing electrons, increasing oxidation number.
Reduction: Gaining electron, decreasing oxidation number.
Oxidizing agent is a substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a chemical reaction and so it is reduced by taking electron onto itself and the reactant is oxidized by having its electron taken away.
Reducing agent is the element or compound in a redox reaction that donate an electron to another species and so it is oxidized.
- Rules for assigning oxidation number
-
- 1. The oxidation number of the atom of an uncombined element is zero.
- 2. The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a compound must equal to the total charge on the species.
- 3. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 unless it is combined with metals, in which case it has an oxidation number of -1.
- 4. Oxygen has an oxidation number of -2, except in peroxides where it is -1 and in
(c)
Interpretation:
The oxidizing and reducing agents in the given reaction should be determined.
Concept introduction:
In a balanced equation the number of atoms of each element as a reactant is equal to the number of atoms of that element as a product.
Change in the oxidation number of atoms involved in the reaction is one of the special characteristic of reduction reaction.
The number of electrons an atom tends to give up or gain in a chemical reaction is called oxidation number.
Oxidation: Losing electrons, increasing oxidation number.
Reduction: Gaining electron, decreasing oxidation number.
Oxidizing agent is a substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a chemical reaction and so it is reduced by taking electron onto itself and the reactant is oxidized by having its electron taken away.
Reducing agent is the element or compound in a redox reaction that donate an electron to another species and so it is oxidized.
- Rules for assigning oxidation number
-
- 1. The oxidation number of the atom of an uncombined element is zero.
- 2. The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a compound must equal to the total charge on the species.
- 3. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 unless it is combined with metals, in which case it has an oxidation number of -1.
- 4. Oxygen has an oxidation number of -2, except in peroxides where it is -1 and in
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Chapter 5 Solutions
FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
- 3. Identify carbons 3 and 5 in the monosaccharides below H H H H OH 0 H 0 CH₂OH H CH₂OH OH H 0 H CH₂OH о H H H OH OH H OH H OH OH OH H OH OH H OH OH OH CH₂OH 1 H H H Harrow_forward3. Identify carbons 3 and 5 in the monosaccharides below H H H H OH 0 H 0 CH₂OH H CH₂OH OH H 0 H CH₂OH о H H H OH OH H OH H OH OH OH H OH OH H OH OH OH CH₂OH 1 H H H Harrow_forwardApply your knowledge Why are monosaccharides highly soluble in water? Why do monosaccharides have high boiling and melting points? Identify carbons 3 and 5 in the monosaccharides below 9 Reducing & non - reducing sugars ( Learning goal 5) A classification that helps differentiate monosaccharides Reducing sugars Also known as aldoses. E. g. glucose Changes Benedicts solution from ) blue to redarrow_forward
- Book problem 28-22: Human and horse insulin both have two polypeptide chains, with one chain containing 21 amino acids and the other containing 30 amino acids. They differ in primary structure at two places. At position 9 in one chain, human insulin has Ser and horse insulin has Gly; at position 30 in the other chain, human insulin has Thr and horse insulin has Ala. How must the DNA for the two insulins differ? Book problem 28-24: The codon UAA stops protein synthesis. Why does the sequence UAA in the following stretch of mRNA not cause any problems? Provide a 1-2 sentence response. -GCA-UUC-GAG-GUA-ACG-CCC- For what amino acids do the following ribonucleotide triplets code?arrow_forwardHow might valganciclovir interfere with dna synthesisarrow_forwardA. Piefly summarize the process of transcription. Include in your summary a list of at least 2 proteins that are involved in transcription. Your summary should be 2-3 sentences long. B. Pyrrole-imidazole polyamides such as the ones discussed in this paper are designed to bind specific sites on DNA. These types of polyamides can be used to inhibit transcription. a. Explain in 1-2 sentences how a molecule that binds to a specific DNA sequence could inhibit transcription. b. Many types of cancer are caused by problems with transcription. Explain in 1-2 sentences why a molecule like a polyamide would be better for treating a cancer caused by mis-regulations in transcription than a molecule that inhibits the functionality of RNA polymerase II. (Hint, think about side effects). C. A chemist made a similar molecule but rather than using pyrroles and imidazoles, they just used cyclopentane molecules. Would this molecule bind DNA as efficiently as the original polyamide? Explain your answer in…arrow_forward
- Explain #8 a&b thoroughly. DRAW the structures below (neatly, please): a. an ionic bond between Asp and Arg side chainsb. hydrophobic interactions between Trp and Val side chainsarrow_forwardExplain question #6 thoroughly. In an aqueous environment will the following peptide fragment more likely be buried inside a globular protein or on its surface? Explain.arrow_forwardA lack of the enzyme glucose 6-phosphatase is one of the causes of the glycogen storage disorder von Gierke disease. Predict three signs or symptoms of von Gierke disease. hyperlipidemia (high lipid concentration in blood) normal glycogen structure, with very large amounts present in liver cirrhosis of the liver increased amounts of lactate and pyruvate in blood muscle crampsarrow_forward
- Show work with explanation needed. Don't give Ai generated solutionarrow_forwardDraw the structure of 2, 2-diiodobutane and convert this achiral compound to chiral compound by changing ONLY 1 atom in the structure. Name the new compound.arrow_forwardIdentify the chiral carbon atoms in each structure. If no chiral carbon atoms are present write: "None present". a) 1 2 3 4 LO 6 b) 8 10 7 CI 9 7 6 5 4 13 CI 2 1arrow_forward
