Chapter 5, Problem 5.60QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 1. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 2. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{K}}_{\text{3}}{\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is tripotassium phosphate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{K}}_{\text{3}}{\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}$ has three ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ ion and one ${\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{3-}}$ ion.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  Three negative charges of anion has to be neutralised by three potassium cation.  Finally the chemical name is tripotassium phosphate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 3. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 4. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{CoC}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is cobalt(II) oxalate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{CoC}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}$ has one ${\text{Co}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion and one ${\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ ion. .  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  Two negative charges of anion has to be neutralised by two cobalt cation.  Oxidation state 2+ of cobalt has to entered for cation as shown cobalt(II).  Finally the chemical name is cobalt(II) oxalate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 5. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 6. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is Lithium carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}$ has two ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ and one ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ ions.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  Two negative charges of anion has to be neutralised by two lithium cation.  Finally the chemical name is Lithium carbonate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 7. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 8. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cr}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{7}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is potassium dichromate(IV).

Explanation of Solution

${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cr}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{7}}$ has two ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ and one ${\text{Cr}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{7}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ ions. Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”. Two negative charges of anion has to be neutralised by two potassium cation. Finally the chemical name is potassium dichromate(IV).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 9. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 10. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is ammonium nitrite.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}$ has one ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{}^{+}$ ion and one ${\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{-}}$ ion. Anion with one less oxygen than expected completes name as “ite”. The chemical name is ammonium nitrite.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 11. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 12. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{HIO}}_{\text{3}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is iodic(V) acid.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{HIO}}_{\text{3}}$ has one hydrogen ion and one ${\text{IO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{-}}$ ion.  This is acid that contains oxygen type of compound.  The polyatomic ion is iodine with expected number of oxygen. Convert iodate to iodic followed by addition of acid.  The chemical name is iodic(V) acid.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 13. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 14. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{SrSO}}_{\text{4}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is strontium sulphate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{SrSO}}_{\text{4}}$ has one ${\text{Sr}}^{\text{+}}$ ion and one ${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{-}}$ ion.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  The chemical name is strontium sulphate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical names of given compounds has to be derived.

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 15. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 16. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{Al(OH)}}_{\text{3}}$

Answer to Problem 5.60QP

The chemical name is aluminium(III) hydroxide.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{Al(OH)}}_{\text{3}}$ has one ${\text{Al}}^{\text{3+}}$ ion and three ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions. Oxidation state of aluminium is 3+. The chemical name is aluminium(III) hydroxide.