Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The laws of definite proportions and multiple proportions to be illustrated with examples.
Concept Introduction:
Covalent bonding: A covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons (equally or partially polarized) between the two non-metals.
Octet rule: By obtaining eight electrons around the valence shell of an element, then compound satisfied the octet rule and thus, achieved the electron configuration of noble gas.
(b)
Interpretation:
The laws of definite proportions and multiple proportions to be illustrated with examples.
Concept Introduction:
Covalent bonding: A covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons (equally or partially polarized) between the two non-metals.
Octet rule: By obtaining eight electrons around the valence shell of an element, then compound satisfied the octet rule and thus, achieved the electron configuration of noble gas.
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Chemistry: Atoms First
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- Samples of compound X, Y, and Z are analyzed, with results shown here. Compound Description Mass of Carbon Mass of Hydrogen X clear, colorless, liquid with strong odor 1.776 g 0.148 g Y clear, colorless, liquid with strong odor 1.974 g 0.329 g Z clear, colorless, liquid with strong odor 7.812 g 0.651 g Do these data provide example(s) of the law of definite proportions, the law of multiple proportions, neither, or both? What do these data tell you about compounds X, Y, and Z?arrow_forwardClick on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible. 21. Repeat Exercise 2.20 using an element that has three naturally occurring isotopes.arrow_forwarda What is the name of the alkali metal that is in Period 6? b What is the name of the halogen that is in Period 6? c What is the name of the alkaline earth metal that is in Period 3? d What is the name of the noble gas that is in Period 3?arrow_forward
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- Ethane and ethylene are two gases containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms. In a certain sample of ethane, 4.53 g of hydrogen is combined with 18.0 g of carbon. In a sample of ethylene, 7.25 g of hydrogen is combined with 43.20 g of carbon. (a) Show how the data illustrate the law of multiple proportions. (b) Suggest reasonable formulas for the two compounds.arrow_forwardDraw a formula for each of the following molecules using circular symbols of your choice to represent atoms: a. A diatomic molecule of an element b. A diatomic molecule of a compound c. A triatomic molecule of an element d. A molecule of a compound containing one atom of one element and four atoms of another elementarrow_forwardName the following compounds: CsCl BaO K2S BeCl2 HBr AlF3 AlF3arrow_forward
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