Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 4CHI
Compare the mechanisms by which most eukaryotic cells acquire nutrients with those used by bacteria and archaea. What are the implications in terms of survival in different habitats and competition between eukaryotic microbes such as protists and bacteria and archaea?
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In the early 1930s, G. F. Gause carried out a series of experiments using two species of ciliated protists (Paramecium), which are single-celled eukaryotic protozoans. The protists were cultured together and separately, with the bacteria being the single food source. The results are shown in the figure below.
(a) Based on figure, identify and explain the interaction that is taking place between P. caudatum and P. aurelia.
(b) Clam shrimp, a natural predator to P. caudatum, is introduced to the culture containing both P. caudatum and P. aurelia after 24 days. Predict the impact that the clam shrimp will have on the culture and the populations. Justify your prediction.
Give examples of free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Are these prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Which of the following would be an example of a microbial chemoautotroph?
A yeast using oxidation/reduction of organic compounds as the energy source and organic compounds as the carbon source.
An archaean using oxidation/reduction of inorganic compounds as the energy source and a organic compounds as the carbon source.
A cyanobacterium using light as the energy source and CO2 as the carbon source.
A bacterium using oxidation/reduction of inorganic compounds as the energy source and CO2 as the carbon source.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 5.1 - MICRO INQUIRY In addition to separating each...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 2. Why is the...Ch. 5.3 - MICRO INQUIRY Which cytoskeletal filament is made...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.3 - Prob. 2RIACh. 5.3 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.4 - MICRO INQUIRY Why must proteins be unfolded when...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.4 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What is a proteasome? Why...
Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.4 - Prob. 4RIACh. 5.4 - Describe the secretory pathway. To what...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 6RIACh. 5.5 - Prob. 1MICh. 5.5 - MICRO INQUIRY Which subunit attaches to the rough...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Suggest an explanation for...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.5 - Prob. 4RIACh. 5.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 5.6 - Describe the structure of aerobic mitochondria,...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 2RIACh. 5.6 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.7 - Prepare and label a diagram showing the detailed...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 2RIACh. 5.7 - How do the structure and mechanism of action of...Ch. 5.8 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Outline the major...Ch. 5.8 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What characteristics make...Ch. 5 - Discuss the statement: The most obvious difference...Ch. 5 - Bacterial and archaeal cell size is limited by the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CHICh. 5 - Compare the mechanisms by which most eukaryotic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5CHI
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- Describe two adaptations that enable prokaryotes to survive in environments too harsh for other organisms.arrow_forwarddiscuss at least five different examples of extremophiles on Earth and discuss how they thrive in their special environments (or, each person can choose one extremophile to research and share with the rest of the group). Extrapolate these extreme survival abilities to the kinds of life that might be able to survive in the very different environments throughout our Solar System? Do you think that watery places like Europa or Enceladus would be a better environment to search for life as opposed to somewhere like the clouds of Venus? Why or why not? For more information on possible life in Venus' atmosphere,arrow_forwardThe organism represented below is multicellular, heterotrophic, and completely aquatic. - Offspring resulting from only the process of mitotic cell division Which other characteristics could be used to descri this organism? A) reproduces in a water habitat and is a producer B) carries out photosynthesis and needs oxygen C) deposits cellular wastes on land and decompos dead organisms D) reproduces asexually and is a consumerarrow_forward
- What were the earliest forms of life on Earth? What was the energy source for the earliest form of life on earth? What are the earliest records of life on Earth? What is able to grow and thrive under conditions that would kill most other organisms (high/low pH, etc)? What are psychrophiles? Describe radioresistant prokaryotes and their habitat preferences. Who developed postulates to identify disease-causing organisms? What percent of bacteria and archaea cannot be cultured? Describe the viable-but-not-culturable state of prokaryotes. Describe planktonic prokaryotes. Why do biofilms form? What holds biofilms together? Structure of Prokaryotes Describe the nucleoid. Describe conjugation. What happens during binary fission? What are cell walls of prokaryotes primarily composed of? What structure of Archaea is different from other domains of life? What is the Bacteria division into two groups based on? Prokaryotic Metabolism Which macronutrient is…arrow_forwardThere are major differences between the bacteria and the archaea but both groups were historically grouped together. i) summarize the similarities between the bacteria and archaea, ii) what are the differences between the two groups that allow us to distinguish them?arrow_forwardWhat is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration? What type(s) of metabolism can occur in the absence of oxygen? Name two enzymes that are present in obligate aerobes but lacking in obligate anaerobes. What is the function of each enzyme Describe the difference between the appearance of surface and subsurface colonies in a pour plate. If this is the same bacterial species, why do these differences in colonial growth occur?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is an example of a symbiotic pair of organisms? Question 3 options: A) elk and deer B) algae and yeast C) orchid and mycorrhizae D) Escherichia coli and Rhizobiumarrow_forwardWhich is true regarding bacterial and archaea species that use nitrogen and sulfur compounds in different ways? A) O Sulfate-reducing bacteria are those that respire anaerobically using sulfate. B) O Nitrifying bacteria are lithotrophs that produce nitrite and nitrate. C) O Denitrifying bacteria are those that respire anaerobically using various oxidized forms of nitrogen. D) O Sulfur oxidizing bacteria are lithotrophs that obtain energy from sulfur compounds either aerobically or anaerobically E) O All the above are true.arrow_forwarda salt water protist is placed in fresh water. Which of the following events would most likely occur? a.) the cell would shrink b.) the cell would remain the same (no change in shape) c.) the cell would start to cry d.) the cell would swell e.) an increase in the action of its ciliaarrow_forward
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Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells (Updated); Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pxujitlv8wc;License: Standard youtube license