Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780078028229
Author: Charles K Alexander, Matthew Sadiku
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4.3, Problem 3PP
Figure 4.8
Using the superposition theorem, find vo in the circuit of Fig. 4.8.
Answer: 16 V.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
3. Describe the function of PLL circuit.
4. Describe the function of bandpass filter.
ASK Modulator/Demodulator
U1
VD Signal in
VT out
X1
W
R1
VC Carrier in
w
x2
100K
3
Y1
4
Y2 AD633 Z
VR1
10K
VR1
Multiplier(1)
I
U2
Vx out
X1
W
R3
2
w
x2
In2
100K
3
۲۱
I
Y2 AD633
Z
VR2
R2
10K
C4
100K
VR2
Multiplier(2)
+5V
200p
R5
R6
R101K
ww w
2.7K
22K
1N4148
D1
559
VE out
D+
In(ac)
6 0H
200p
HH
6
VLP out
Vo out
U3
VR
0.01
0.1u
R8
VR3
ww
50K
Envelope Detector
10K
U3
LF356
VR3
LPF
U4Σ
LM311
Comparator
U5
PLL in CS
HH
14 SIGN IN
0.1u
6 CIA
PC1OUT 2
PULSES
PHASE(2)
COMPARATOR OUT 13.
C10
HT
150p R16
ww
R12
VSO
C6
200p
VCO OUT 4
IK
in
R14
C9
18K
10 O
w
7 Cle
H
VLO out
6
15K
VCO
150p
06
11 R1
CD4046
VCO IN 9
VR5
1K
12 R2
0.0047u
C7
I
Demod
C8 out
10
SOURCE
FOLLOWER
R11
100K
INH
COMP IN
5
3
VR4
+5V+12V GND-12V
о
HTO
0.1u
R13
10K
I
PL
VR5
Figure 18-10 KL-94005 module
R15
U6Σ
OP37
BPF
DUC
1. Is the waveform on VT out terminal an ASK modulated signal?
TS
PROD
2. Is the waveform on VT out terminal an OOK modulated signal?
ASK Modulator/Demodulator
U1
VD Signal in
VT out
X1
W
R1
VC Carrier in
w
x2
100K
3
Y1
4
Y2 AD633 Z
VR1
10K
VR1
Multiplier(1)
I
U2
Vx out
X1
W
R3
2
w
x2
In2
100K
3
۲۱
I
Y2 AD633
Z
VR2
R2
10K
C4
100K
VR2
Multiplier(2)
+5V
200p
R5
R6
R101K
ww w
2.7K
22K
1N4148
D1
559
VE out
D+
In(ac)
6 0H
200p
HH
6
VLP out
Vo out
U3
VR
0.01
0.1u
R8
VR3
ww
50K
Envelope Detector
10K
U3
LF356
VR3
LPF
U4Σ
LM311
Comparator
U5
PLL in CS
HH
14 SIGN IN
PC1OUT 2
0.1u
6 CIA
PULSES
PHASE(2)
COMPARATOR
OUT 13
C10
HT
150p R16
ww
R12
VSO
18K
C6
200p
VCO OUT 4
IK
in
R14
C9
10 O
w
H
VLO out
6
7 Cle
15K
VCO
150p
06
11 R1
CD4046
VCO IN 9
VR5
1K
12 R2
0.0047u
C7
I
Demod
C8 out
10
SOURCE
FOLLOWER
R11
100K
INH
COMP IN
5
3
VR4
+5V+12V GND-12V
о
HTO
0.1u
R13
10K
I
PL
Figure 18-10 KL-94005 module
VR5
R15
U6Σ
OP37
BPF
h
e
6. Discuss the relationship between Vx out and VLP out signals.
7. Describe the function of comparator.
ASK Modulator/Demodulator
U1
VD Signal in
VT out
X1
W
R1
VC Carrier in
w
x2
100K
3
Y1
4
Y2 AD633 Z
VR1
10K
VR1
Multiplier(1)
I
U2
Vx out
X1
W
R3
2
w
x2
In2
100K
3
۲۱
I
Y2 AD633
Z
VR2
R2
10K
C4
100K
VR2
Multiplier(2)
+5V
200p
R5
R6
R101K
ww w
2.7K
22K
1N4148
D1
559
VE out
D+
In(ac)
6 0H
200p
HH
6
VLP out
Vo out
U3
VR
0.01
0.1u
R8
VR3
ww
50K
Envelope Detector
10K
U3
LF356
VR3
LPF
U4Σ
LM311
Comparator
U5
PLL in CS
HH
14 SIGN IN
0.1u
6 CIA
PC1OUT 2
PULSES
PHASE(2)
COMPARATOR OUT 13.
C10
HT
150p R16
ww
R12
VSO
C6
200p
VCO OUT 4
IK
in
R14
C9
18K
10 O
w
7 Cle
H
VLO out
6
15K
VCO
150p
06
11 R1
CD4046
VCO IN 9
VR5
1K
12 R2
0.0047u
C7
I
Demod
C8 out
10
SOURCE
FOLLOWER
R11
100K
INH
COMP IN
5
3
VR4
+5V+12V GND-12V
о
HTO
0.1u
R13
10K
I
PL
VR5
Figure 18-10 KL-94005 module
R15
U6Σ
OP37
BPF
Chapter 4 Solutions
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Ch. 4.2 - Figure 4.3 For Practice Prob. 4.1. For the circuit...Ch. 4.2 - Figure 4.5 For Practice Prob. 4.2. Assume that Vo...Ch. 4.3 - Figure 4.8 Using the superposition theorem, find...Ch. 4.3 - Figure 4.11 Use superposition to find vx in the...Ch. 4.3 - Find I in the circuit of Fig. 4.14 using the...Ch. 4.4 - Find io in the circuit of Fig. 4.19 using source...Ch. 4.4 - Use source transformation to find ix in the...Ch. 4.5 - Using Thevenins theorem, find the equivalent...Ch. 4.5 - Find the Thevenin equivalent circuit of the...Ch. 4.5 - Obtain the Thevenin equivalent of the circuit in...
Ch. 4.6 - Find the Norton equivalent circuit for the circuit...Ch. 4.6 - Find the Norton equivalent circuit of the circuit...Ch. 4.8 - Determine the value of RL that will draw the...Ch. 4.9 - Rework Practice Prob. 4.9 using PSpice. Find the...Ch. 4.9 - Fin d the maximum power transferred to RL if the...Ch. 4.10 - The measured open-circuit voltage across a certain...Ch. 4.10 - Prob. 17PPCh. 4.10 - Obtain the current through the galvanometer,...Ch. 4 - The current through a branch in a linear network...Ch. 4 - For superposition, it is not required that only...Ch. 4 - The superposition principle applies to power...Ch. 4 - Refer to Fig. 4.67. The Thevenin resistance at...Ch. 4 - The Thevenin voltage across terminals a and b of...Ch. 4 - The Norton current at terminals a and b of the...Ch. 4 - The Norton resistance RN is exactly equal to the...Ch. 4 - Which pair of circuits in Fig. 4.68 are...Ch. 4 - A load is connected to a network. At the terminals...Ch. 4 - The source is supplying the maximum power to the...Ch. 4 - Calculate the current io in the circuit of Fig....Ch. 4 - Using Fig. 4.70, design a problem to help other...Ch. 4 - (a) In the circuit of Fig. 4.71, calculate vo and...Ch. 4 - Use linearity to determine io in the circuit of...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.73, assume vo = 1 V, and...Ch. 4 - For the linear circuit shown in Fig. 4.74, use...Ch. 4 - Use linearity and the assumption that Vo = 1 V to...Ch. 4 - Using superposition, find Vo in the circuit of...Ch. 4 - Given that I = 6 amps when Vs = 160 volts and Is =...Ch. 4 - Using Fig. 4.78, design a problem to help other...Ch. 4 - Use the superposition principle to find io and vo...Ch. 4 - Determine vo in the circuit of Fig. 4.80 using the...Ch. 4 - Use superposition to find vo in the circuit of...Ch. 4 - Apply the superposition principle to find vo in...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.83, use superposition to...Ch. 4 - Given the circuit in Fig. 4.84, use superposition...Ch. 4 - Use superposition to obtain vx in the circuit of...Ch. 4 - Use superposition to find Vo in the circuit of...Ch. 4 - Use superposition to solve for vx in the circuit...Ch. 4 - Use source transformation to reduce the circuit...Ch. 4 - Using Fig. 4.89, design a problem to help other...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig, 4.90, use source...Ch. 4 - Referring to Fig. 4.91, use source transformation...Ch. 4 - Use source transformation to find the voltage Vx...Ch. 4 - Obtain vo in the circuit of Fig. 4.93 using source...Ch. 4 - Use source transformation to find io in the...Ch. 4 - Apply source transformation to find vx in the...Ch. 4 - Use source transformation to find Io in Fig. 4.96....Ch. 4 - Use source transformation to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Use source transformation on the circuit shown in...Ch. 4 - Determine vx in the circuit of Fig. 4.99 using...Ch. 4 - Use source transformation to find ix in the...Ch. 4 - Determine the Thevenin equivalent circuit, shown...Ch. 4 - Using Fig. 4.102, design a problem that will help...Ch. 4 - Use Thevenins theorem to find vo in Prob. 4.12....Ch. 4 - Solve for the current i in the circuit of Fig....Ch. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to...Ch. 4 - Apply Thevenins theorem to find Vo in the circuit...Ch. 4 - Obtain the Thevenin equivalent at terminals a-b of...Ch. 4 - Find the Thevenin equivalent at terminals a-b of...Ch. 4 - Find the Thevenin and Norton equivalents at...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.109, find the Thevenin...Ch. 4 - Find the Thevenin equivalent looking into...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.111, obtain the Thevenin...Ch. 4 - Find the Thevenin equivalent of the circuit in...Ch. 4 - Using Fig. 4.113, design a problem to help other...Ch. 4 - Obtain the Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits...Ch. 4 - Determine the Norton equivalent at terminals a-b...Ch. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent looking into terminals...Ch. 4 - Obtain the Norton equivalent of the circuit in...Ch. 4 - Given the circuit in Fig. 4.117, obtain the Norton...Ch. 4 - For the transistor model in Fig. 4.118, obtain the...Ch. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent at terminals a-b of the...Ch. 4 - Find the Thevenin equivalent between terminals a-b...Ch. 4 - Obtain the Norton equivalent at terminals a-b of...Ch. 4 - Use Nortons theorem to find Vo in the circuit of...Ch. 4 - Obtain the Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits...Ch. 4 - The network in Fig. 4.124 models a bipolar...Ch. 4 - Determine the Thevenin and Norton equivalents at...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.126, find the Thevenin...Ch. 4 - Obtain the Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits...Ch. 4 - Find the Thevenin equivalent of the circuit in...Ch. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent for the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - Obtain the Thevenin equivalent seen at terminals...Ch. 4 - For the circuit shown in Fig. 4.131, determine the...Ch. 4 - Find the maximum power that can be delivered to...Ch. 4 - The variable resistor R in Fig. 4.133 is adjusted...Ch. 4 - Consider the 30- resistor in Fig. 4.134. First...Ch. 4 - Find the maximum power transferred to resistor R...Ch. 4 - Determine the maximum power delivered to the...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.137, what resistor...Ch. 4 - (a) For the circuit in Fig. 4.138, obtain the...Ch. 4 - Determine the maximum power that can be delivered...Ch. 4 - For the bridge circuit shown in Fig. 4.140, find...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.141, determine the value...Ch. 4 - Solve Prob. 4.34 using PSpice or MultiSim. Let V =...Ch. 4 - Use PSpice or MultiSim to solve Prob. 4.44. For...Ch. 4 - Use PSpice or MultiSim to solve Prob. 4.52.Ch. 4 - Obtain the Thevenin equivalent of the circuit in...Ch. 4 - Use PSpice or MultiSim to find the Thevenin...Ch. 4 - For the circuit in Fig. 4.126, use PSpice or...Ch. 4 - An automobile battery has an open circuit voltage...Ch. 4 - The following results were obtained from...Ch. 4 - When connected to a 4- resistor, a battery has a...Ch. 4 - The Thevenin equivalent at terminals a-b of the...Ch. 4 - A black box with a circuit in it is connected to a...Ch. 4 - A transducer is modeled with a current source Is...Ch. 4 - Consider the circuit in Fig. 4.144. An ammeter...Ch. 4 - Consider the circuit in Fig. 4.145. (a) Replace...Ch. 4 - The Wheatstone bridge circuit shown in Fig. 4.146...Ch. 4 - (a) In the Wheatstone bridge circuit of Fig. 4.147...Ch. 4 - Consider the bridge circuit of Fig. 4.148. Is the...Ch. 4 - The circuit in Fig. 4.149 models a common-emitter...Ch. 4 - An attenuator is an interface circuit that reduces...Ch. 4 - A dc voltmeter with a sensitivity of 10 k/V is...Ch. 4 - A resistance array is connected to a load resistor...Ch. 4 - A common-emitter amplifier circuit is shown in...Ch. 4 - For Practice Prob. 4.18, determine the current...
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Assume a telephone signal travels through a cable at two-thirds the speed of light. How long does it take the s...
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
The solid steel shaft AC has a diameter of 25 mm and is supported by smooth bearings at D and E. It is coupled ...
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
The job of the _____ is to fetch instructions, carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, and prod...
Starting Out With Visual Basic (8th Edition)
What types of coolant are used in vehicles?
Automotive Technology: Principles, Diagnosis, And Service (6th Edition) (halderman Automotive Series)
The ____________ is always transparent.
Web Development and Design Foundations with HTML5 (8th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, electrical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Choose one of the choices indicated in the parentheses such as the following sentences have correct messing What is the main purpose of a communication system? a) To transmit information from one point to another b) To amplify signals for better reception c) To filter out unwanted noise dy To generate carrier waves for modulation 2. What the purpose of the modulator in a communication system? a) To generate the cares wave for modulation b) To convert the information signal to a modulated signal c) To filter out unwanted noise d) To amplify the modulated signal for transmission Which component in an FM transmitter is responsible for generating the carrier signal? a) Mixer b) Modulator c) Demodulator d) Oscillator 4 For a FM signal v(t) 25 cos (15 deviation 10 (3456 4 24669, 7321 7.21284) 117 10 sm 15501). Maximum frequency 5. In an AM receiver, which component is responsible for separating the modulating signal from the received AM signal? a) Mixer b) Modulator c) Demodulator dy…arrow_forwardQ1. Choose the correct answer: 1. Increasing the amplitude of a square pulse (increases, decreases, maintains not related) the spectrum range in the frequency domain. 2. A continuous FT indicates a signal. (continuous, discrete, periodic non-periodic). the pulse duration is proportional to the amplitude of the signal. (PAM, PWM, PPM, 3. In ASK). . In VSB transmission (both sidebands are used, single sideband is used, single sideband and part of the other sideband, only the vestige of the carrier signal is used). 5. An economic FDM receiver design should contain simultaneous reception, selective reception). 6. In AMI code, the shapes of "1" and "0" are dependent, not related to each other). 7. In FDM the guard band is used to (pilot carrier zero crossing detector, (the same) opposite to each other, next bit increase the overlap between FDM signals, decrease the overlap between FDM signals, increase the baseband bandwidth, decrease the baseband bandwidth). 20 3. Higher number of levels…arrow_forwardIn a railway system with a power source of 600 VDC, I need to achieve a load output of 120 VDC for railway lights. I found a DC-DC converter capable of stepping down 600 VDC to 125 VDC. To obtain 120 VDC from this converter, we can use a voltage divider with the following equation: [R2/(R2+R1)]=120/125=0.96=0.96However, using resistors to achieve the desired output voltage raises some concerns. Is it advisable to use railway-grade resistors for this application? I found some resistors in the range of 1-10k ohms, but I am unsure how they should be connected in the circuit with the lights (the load to be used). I would greatly appreciate any suggestions or schematic diagrams to clarify the best approach for connecting the resistors in this setup.arrow_forward
- Find the valve of the voltage Vx using the THEVENIN equivalent circuit and redo the problem with the NORTON equivalent circuit. Show both the the vinen and Norton circuits. I 12V m 1 ww 3 23 + 43Vx 5 63 миarrow_forwardFind the valve of V using the Thevenin Equivalent Circuit and then determine if the 8 ohm resistor allows maximum power transfer. If not, then what value should the 8 ohm resistor be changed to for maximum power transfer? ZA 6 6 + 22V 83 V 34 2 6 АААА ААААarrow_forwardFind the valve of voltage Vx using the THE VIN IN equivalent circuit ww 8 Show the Theven in Circuit. I 7V ZV m 6 5 M + 4 34 АА 3 1 АААА 9A ↑ 24arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)Electrical EngineeringISBN:9780133923605Author:Robert L. BoylestadPublisher:PEARSON
Delmar's Standard Textbook Of ElectricityElectrical EngineeringISBN:9781337900348Author:Stephen L. HermanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic ControllersElectrical EngineeringISBN:9780073373843Author:Frank D. PetruzellaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Fundamentals of Electric CircuitsElectrical EngineeringISBN:9780078028229Author:Charles K Alexander, Matthew SadikuPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)Electrical EngineeringISBN:9780134746968Author:James W. Nilsson, Susan RiedelPublisher:PEARSON
Engineering ElectromagneticsElectrical EngineeringISBN:9780078028151Author:Hayt, William H. (william Hart), Jr, BUCK, John A.Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:PEARSON
Delmar's Standard Textbook Of Electricity
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9781337900348
Author:Stephen L. Herman
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic Controllers
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780073373843
Author:Frank D. Petruzella
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780078028229
Author:Charles K Alexander, Matthew Sadiku
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780134746968
Author:James W. Nilsson, Susan Riedel
Publisher:PEARSON
Engineering Electromagnetics
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780078028151
Author:Hayt, William H. (william Hart), Jr, BUCK, John A.
Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,
Norton's Theorem and Thevenin's Theorem - Electrical Circuit Analysis; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-kkvqr1wSwA;License: Standard Youtube License