The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified. Concept introduction: Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer. Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer) . Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space. Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers. Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers. Cis – trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism: The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z -isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E -isomer).

Question

Are those two isomers of 2,3-Dibromo-Butane are enantiomers, diastereomers or the same molecule?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 50P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

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Are those two isomers of 2,3-Dibromo-Butane are enantiomers, diastereomers or the same molecule?

b) d) f) Et H. H "Ме Ме

Are they the same molecule, not even isomers, Constitutional Isomers, Diastereomers, or Enantiomers?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 50P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 50P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 50P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 50P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 50P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 50P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given pair of structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:

The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).

Answer 18

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Answer 29

Ch. 4.1 - Draw the cis and trans isomers for the following:...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4P Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 5P Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 6P Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 7P Ch. 4.2 - Tamoxifen slows the growth of some breast tumors...Ch. 4.2 - Draw and label the E and Z isomers for each of the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 10P Ch. 4.2 - Name each of the following:Ch. 4.2 - Draw the structure of (Z)-2,3-dimethyl-3-heptene.

Solution Summary: The author explains that the two structures identical compounds, enantiomers, diastereomer, or constitutional isomeric, have to be identified.

Concept explainers

Chapter 4 Solutions