4th Edition

ISBN: 9781119330745

Author: FELDER

Publisher: WILEY

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Chapter 4, Problem 4.81P

The fresh feed to an ammonia production process contains nitrogen and hydrogen in stoichiometric proportion, along with an inert gas (I). The feed is combined with a recycle stream containing the same three species, and the combined stream is fed to a reactor in which a low single-pass conversion of nitrogen is achieved. The reactor effluent flows to a condenser. A liquid stream containing essentially all of the ammonia formed in the reactor and a gas stream containing all the inerts and the unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen leave the condenser. The gas stream is split into two fractions with the same composition: one is removed from the process as a purge stream, and the other is the recycle stream combined w ith the fresh feed. In every stream containing nitrogen and hydrogen, the two species are in stoichiometric proportion.

RecyclePurge

Fresh feedN,. Hj. 1				Nj,H₂
	REACTOR		CONDENSER	CondensateMl.

Let .¥io be the mole fraction of inerts in the fresh feed, /_s_p the single-pass conversion of nitrogen (and of hydrogen) in the reactor, and y the fraction of the gas leaving the condenser that is purged (mol purged/mol total). Taking a basis of 1 mol fresh feed, draw and fully label a process flowchart, incorporating .tio,/sp, and y_p in the labeling to the greatest possible extent. Then, assuming that the values of these three variables are given, write a set of equations for the total moles led to the reactor (n_r), moles of ammonia produced (n_p), and overall nitrogen conversion (f_m). Each equation should involve only one unknown variable, which should be circled.
Solve the equations of Part (a) for .vw = 0.01,= 0.20. and y_p = 0.10.
Briefly explain in your ow n words the reasons for including (i) the recycle stream and (ii) the purge stream in the process design.

Prepare a spreadsheet to perform the calculations of Part (a) for given values of .vio, /_s_p, and y . Test it with the values in Part (b). Then in successive rows of the spreadsheet, vary each of the three input variables two or three times, holding the other two constant. The first six columns and first five rows of the spreadsheet should appear as follows:

xio	fsp	yp	nr	np	fov
0.01	0.20	0.10
0.05	0.20	0.10
0.10	0.20	0.10
0.01	0.30	0.10

Summarize the effects on ammonia production (/tp) and reactor throughput (n_r) of changing each of the three input variables.

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Chapter 4, Problem 4.80P

Chapter 4, Problem 4.84P

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Chapter 4 Solutions

ELEM.PRIN.OF CHEMICAL PROC.-W/ACCESS

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Ch. 4 - In the production of soybean oil, dried and flaked...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.12P Ch. 4 - A process is carried out in which a mixture...Ch. 4 - Strawberries contain about 15wt% solids and 85wt%...Ch. 4 - Two streams flow into a 500-gallon tank. The first...Ch. 4 - A fuel distributor supplies four liquid fuels,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.17P Ch. 4 - One thousand kilograms per hour of a mixture...Ch. 4 - L-Serine is an amino acid that often is provided...Ch. 4 - A 100 kmol/h stream that is 97 mole% carbon...Ch. 4 - A pharmaceutical product, P, is made in a batch...Ch. 4 - A liquid mixture containing ethanol (55.0 wt%) and...Ch. 4 - A stream of humid air containing 1.50 mole% H2O(v)...Ch. 4 - A liquid mixture contains 60.0 wt% ethanol (E),...Ch. 4 - Certain vegetables and fruits contain plant...Ch. 4 - Two aqueous sulfuric acid solutions containing...Ch. 4 - A paint mixture containing 25.0% of a pigment and...Ch. 4 - In the commercial production of sugar (sucrose),...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.29P Ch. 4 - A garment to protect the wearer from toxic agents...Ch. 4 - A dilute aqueous solution of H2SO4 (Solution A) is...Ch. 4 - Gas streams containing hydrogen and nitrogen in...Ch. 4 - An artificial kidney is a device that removes...Ch. 4 - The indicator-dilution method is a technique used...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.35P Ch. 4 - Gas absorption or gas scrubbing is a commonly used...Ch. 4 - The SO2 scrubbing tower described in Problem 4.36...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.38P Ch. 4 - The hormone estrogen is produced in the ovaries of...Ch. 4 - A liquid mixture containing 30.0mole% benzene (B),...Ch. 4 - Seawater containing 3.50 wt% salt passes through a...Ch. 4 - Inside the column a liquid stream flows downward...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.43P Ch. 4 - Effluents from metal-finishing plants have the...Ch. 4 - In an absorption tower (or absorber), a gas is...Ch. 4 - In the production of a bean oil, beans containing...Ch. 4 - Boilers are used in most chemical plants to...Ch. 4 - Following is a diagram of the shirt-cleaning...Ch. 4 - A drug (D) is produced in a three-stage extraction...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.52P Ch. 4 - Ammonia is oxidized to nitric oxide in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.54P Ch. 4 - A stream containing H2S and inert gases and a...Ch. 4 - 436. The reaction between ethylene and hydrogen...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.57P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.58P Ch. 4 - Titanium dioxide (TiCb) is used extensively as a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.60P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.61P Ch. 4 - Oxygen consumed by a living organism in aerobic...Ch. 4 - A genetically engineered strain of Escherichia...Ch. 4 - The gas-phase reaction between methanol and acetic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.65P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.66P Ch. 4 - Methane and oxygen react in the presence of a...Ch. 4 - Ethane is chlorinated in a continuous reactor:...Ch. 4 - Ethanol can be produced commercially by the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.70P Ch. 4 - Solid calcium fluoride (CaF2) reacts with sulfuric...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.72P Ch. 4 - Chlorobenzene (C^HsCl), an important solvent and...Ch. 4 - A catalytic reactor is used to produce...Ch. 4 - 4.7'6. Methanol is produced by reacting carbon...Ch. 4 - Methane reacts with chlorine to produce methyl...Ch. 4 - Ethylene oxide is produced by the catalytic...Ch. 4 - Methanol is synthesized from carbon monoxide and...Ch. 4 - The fresh feed to an ammonia production process...Ch. 4 - A gas contains 75.0 wt% methane. 10.0% ethane....Ch. 4 - Five liters of liquid n-hexane and 4 liters of...Ch. 4 - Gasoline, which we will represent as having the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.87P Ch. 4 - Natural gas containing a mixture of methane,...Ch. 4 - Propane is burned completely with excess oxygen....Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.91P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.92P Ch. 4 - Liquid methanol is fed to a space heater at a rate...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.94P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.95P Ch. 4 - A fuel oil is analyzed and found to contain 85.0...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.97P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.98P Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.99P Ch. 4 - 4.1 (Mt. You have been sent by the Environmental...Ch. 4 - Fuel oils contain primarily organic compounds and...

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