Chapter 4, Problem 4.33EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles.  They are as follows:

• Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
• Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
• Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons.  Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with two fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles.  They are as follows:

• Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
• Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
• Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with three more protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles.  They are as follows:

• Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
• Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
• Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons.  Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Identification of the chemical symbol for the period 2 ion with four fewer protons than electrons.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles.  They are as follows:

• Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
• Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
• Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.

The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons.  Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom form ion.

Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.

Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.

The period 2 elements are as follows – Lithium(Li), Beryllium(Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), nitrogen(N), fluorine(F) and Neon(Ne).