Custom eBook for Organic Chemistry
Custom eBook for Organic Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9798214171104
Author: Straumanis
Publisher: Cengage Custom
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Chapter 4, Problem 1CTQ
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The common molecule that is represented nine separate times in each figure in Model 1 should be determined.

Concept introduction:Intermolecular forces are type of forces that are responsible to hold atoms together in molecule.

There are various types of intermolecular forces as follows:

1. Hydrogen bonding:

As is evident from its name, these types of forces exist if hydrogen is present. Such forces are present when hydrogen atom bonds with highly electronegative elements like N, O, F. It is of two types: intramolecular and intermolecular. HF forms hydrogen bonding with water.

2. Ion-dipole forces:

This force exists between ion and molecules with a dipole moment in them. Attraction exists between ion and oppositely charged end of dipole.

3. Ion-induced dipole forces:

When an ion approaches non-polar molecule, it induces temporary dipole in it. Ion gets attracted towards the oppositely charged part of dipole induced in molecule.

4. Dispersion forces:

Such forces are present between various atoms and molecules. These are observed generally in non-polar molecules, halogens and noble gases.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

Hydrogen and oxygen are present in structure shown in model 1. Since oxygen is highly electronegative in nature, hydrogen bonding is present between water molecules. So,a hydrogen-bonded molecule is present in each figure in model 1. The hydrogen bonding in water is as follows:

  Custom eBook for Organic Chemistry, Chapter 4, Problem 1CTQ

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Chapter 4 Solutions

Custom eBook for Organic Chemistry

Ch. 4 - Prob. 11CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 12CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 13CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 14CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 15CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 16CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 17CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 18CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 19CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 20CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 21CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 22CTQCh. 4 - (E) Label each of the following as strong acid,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 24CTQCh. 4 - Draw the structure of the conjugate base of water....Ch. 4 - Does Cl have a conjugate acid? If so, what is it?...Ch. 4 - Draw the conjugate base of CH4 (methane).Ch. 4 - For the previous four questions, label each...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29CTQCh. 4 - According to the conventions above, what is the...Ch. 4 - Draw an arrow on Figure 4.13 representing Hrxn4 ....Ch. 4 - Prob. 32CTQCh. 4 - Add a + or above each curved arrow in Figure 4.11...Ch. 4 - Prob. 34CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 35CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 36CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 37CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 38CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 39CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 40CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 41CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 42CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 43CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 44CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 45CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 46CTQCh. 4 - For NH3 (ammonia) and H2O (water)... a. Use curved...Ch. 4 - Prob. 48CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 49CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 50CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 51CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 52CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 53CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 1ECh. 4 - Prob. 2ECh. 4 - Prob. 3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4ECh. 4 - Prob. 5ECh. 4 - Prob. 6ECh. 4 - Prob. 7ECh. 4 - Prob. 8ECh. 4 - Propanal (bp 48°C) and propanol (bp 97°C), both...Ch. 4 - Rank the following molecules from lowest to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12ECh. 4 - For each molecule below, draw the conjugate acid...Ch. 4 - For each structure you drew in the answer to the...Ch. 4 - Mark each of the following statements True or...Ch. 4 - Organic chemistry is a bit like cooking. Later in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 17ECh. 4 - Prob. 18ECh. 4 - Are endothermic reactions favorable or...Ch. 4 - Prob. 20ECh. 4 - Is bond formation endothermic or exothermic? Write...Ch. 4 - Summarize the relationship between pKa and acid...Ch. 4 - Summarize the relationship between pKa and base...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25ECh. 4 - Consider the following bases: a. For each base...Ch. 4 - Prob. 27ECh. 4 - The following are equivalent ways of asking about...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29E
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