Concept explainers
Interpretation: Letter (a to e) that best completes new definition of strong base in order to be consistent with old definition of strong base should be determined.
Concept introduction: According to Bronsted-Lowry concept, substance that donates proton is termed as acid while that accepts or gains protons is called base. Species formed after loss of protons from acids are known as their respective conjugate bases whereas conjugate acid is produced by addition of protons to base. Strength of conjugate acids and conjugate bases are inversely related to strengths of their respective bases and acids.
According to Lewis concept, substance that donates electron pair is termed as base while that accepts or gains electron pair is called acid. For example,
According to Arrhenius concept, substances that donate hydrogen ions in solutions are known as acids while bases are substances that release hydroxide ions in solutions.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
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- Identify the most acidic proton in the compound: a d b Оа Ob Ос ○ darrow_forwardA Standard Reference Material is certified to contain 94.6 ppm of an organic contaminant in soil. Your analysis gives values of 98.6, 98.4, 97.2, 94.6, and 96.2. Do your results differ from the expected results at the 95% confidence interval?arrow_forwardThe percentage of an additive in gasoline was measured six times with the following results: 0.13, 0.12, 0.16, 0.17, 0.20, and 0.11%. Find the 95% confidence interval for the percentage of additive.arrow_forward
- Explain why this data led Rayleigh to look for and to discover Ar.arrow_forward5) Confidence interval. Berglund and Wichardt investigated the quantitative determination of Cr in high-alloy steels using a potentiometric titration of Cr(VI). Before the titration, samples of the steel were dissolved in acid and the chromium oxidized to Cr(VI) using peroxydisulfate. Shown here are the results (as %w/w Cr) for the analysis of a reference steel. 16.968, 16.922, 16.840, 16.883, 16.887, 16.977, 16.857, 16.728 Calculate the mean, the standard deviation, and the 95% confidence interval about the mean. What does this confidence interval mean?arrow_forwardIn the Nitrous Acid Test for Amines, what is the observable result for primary amines? Group of answer choices nitrogen gas bubbles form a soluble nitrite salt yellow oily layer of nitrosoaminearrow_forward
- 3. a. Use the MS to propose at least two possible molecular formulas. For an unknown compound: 101. 27.0 29.0 41.0 50.0 52.0 55.0 57.0 100 57.5 58.0 58.5 62.0 63.0 64.0 65.0 74.0 40 75.0 76.0 20 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 m/z 99.5 68564810898409581251883040 115.0 116.0 77404799 17417M 117.0 12.9 118.0 33.5 119.0 36 133 0 1.2 157.0 2.1 159.0 16 169.0 219 170.0 17 171.0 21.6 172.0 17 181.0 1.3 183.0 197.0 100.0 198.0 200. 784 Relative Intensity 2 2 8 ō (ppm) 6 2arrow_forwardSolve the structure and assign each of the following spectra (IR and C-NMR)arrow_forward1. For an unknown compound with a molecular formula of C8H100: a. What is the DU? (show your work) b. Solve the structure and assign each of the following spectra. 8 6 2 ō (ppm) 4 2 0 200 150 100 50 ō (ppm) LOD D 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500 HAVENUMBERI -11arrow_forward
- 16. The proton NMR spectral information shown in this problem is for a compound with formula CioH,N. Expansions are shown for the region from 8.7 to 7.0 ppm. The normal carbon-13 spec- tral results, including DEPT-135 and DEPT-90 results, are tabulated: 7 J Normal Carbon DEPT-135 DEPT-90 19 ppm Positive No peak 122 Positive Positive cus и 124 Positive Positive 126 Positive Positive 128 No peak No peak 4° 129 Positive Positive 130 Positive Positive (144 No peak No peak 148 No peak No peak 150 Positive Positive してしarrow_forward3. Propose a synthesis for the following transformation. Do not draw an arrow-pushing mechanism below, but make sure to draw the product of each proposed step (3 points). + En CN CNarrow_forwardShow work..don't give Ai generated solution...arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning