Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305886865
Author: Sizer, Frances , WHITNEY, Ellie
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 4, Problem 18SC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
All living organisms need the energy to sustain and reproduce. This energy comes from the food we consume. Calorie is the unit to measure the amount of the energy one gets from the food. Sugar is a source of calorie which can easily be metabolized by the body to convert into energy. Taking excess added sugar can also alters the normal functioning.
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When added sugar is consumed in excess of calorie needs
1.
it suppresses the insulin response
2.
its metabolism in the body lessens the risk of chronic disease
3.
It provides more calories per gram than fat and is more fattening
4.
It contribute to inflammation in the blood vessel lining
Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete
in response to
blood sugar levels, which is defined as
and likely happens after we are
Beta cells in the pancreas secrete
in response to
blood sugar levels, which is defined as
and likely happens after we are
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Eating
Insulin
Exercising/Fasting
Low
Glucagon
High
Having low blood sugar levels, or hypoglycemia, can be made even worse because
Finding food when you’re a low energy state will be difficult
Your brain will selfishly create more glucose transporters to hoard the remaining glucose in your brain
Nausea as a result of hypoglycemia will make it difficult to eat
A person with diabetes will overproduce insulin as a result
Chapter 4 Solutions
Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
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- Which of the following is a hormone which causes an increase in blood-glucose concentration? pancreas glycogen insulin glucagonarrow_forwardRestriction of food intake leads to which of the following? An increase in whole body energy expenditure Reductions in resting energy expenditure due in part to reduction in body mass An increase in the thermic effect of food due to lower energy intake Reductions in activity energy expenditure due to increased activity costs associated with a smaller body sizearrow_forwardChoose the wrong statement: Ice cream is considered an empty calorie food. The word Calorie is different than the word calorie Antioxidants can remove free radicals and help lower the risk of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, andhea Eating bowl full of fruits before bed is healthy and does not increase your blood sugar while sleep. Eating 500 calories less per day can help you lose 1 pound per week.arrow_forward
- A completely, 100%, fat and cholesterol free diet would be the healthiest. True Falsearrow_forwardOur diabetic patient John took an insulin shot, but did not eat after. He now has low blood sugar called hypoglycemia. This low blood sugar could lead to a coma because 1.Not enough sugar circulates to the brain 2.Too much sugar reaches the digestive system 3.Not enough sugar circulates to the heart 4.Poor sugar circulation results in hyperglycemiaarrow_forwardIn order to use lipids to produce ATP the first step is beta oxidation of fatty acids which occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell TRUE or FALSE If glucose stores are getting low, non-carbohydrate molecules such as lipids and proteins will be used to make ATP. This is referred to as glucose sparing TRUE or FALSE Our dietary source of carbohydrates comes predominantly from plants. TRUE or FALSE Essential nutrients can be produced in the liver by the interconversion of different macromolecules in the liver. TRUE or FALSE The major lipid in the american diet is triglycerides. TRUE or FALSE All proteins from animal products are complete proteins. TRUE or FALSEarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not true for dietary fiber? dietary fiber is nondigestible carbohydrates and lignin that are intrinsic and intact in plants dietary fiber is not digested by our body’s enzymes in the large intestine consuming a diet high in insoluble fiber can help lower blood cholesterol levels including soluble fiber in a meal helps prevent sharp sugar spikes, making for a more gradual rise in blood glucosearrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardCarbamazepine is a lipid -soluble antiepileptic drug that has a larger volume of distribution in obese patients. As a result, the elimination half-life in obese patients will be There is not enough data Same as in normal weight patients Decreased (shorter) Increased ( longer) It will depend on the type of obesityarrow_forward
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