Chapter 4, Problem 16Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason behind that the atoms in a single bond can rotate about inter nuclear axis without breaking the bond is to be described. The reason behind that the atoms in a double and triple bond cannot rotate about inter nuclear axis unless the bond is broken is to be described.

Concept introduction: Sigma bond is defined as axial overlapping of atomic orbitals. This orbital overlaps along the inter-nuclear axis.

$\text{ π bond}$ is defined as the sideway overlapping of atomic orbitals. This orbital overlaps along the perpendicular of inter-nuclear axis.

To determine: The explanation that the atoms in a single bond can rotate about inter nuclear axis without breaking the bond. The explanation that the atoms in a double and triple bond cannot rotate about the internuclear axis unless the bond is broken.