Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 37, Problem 1FIB

External defenses against microbial invasion include the ____________ and the mucous membranes that line the ____________, __________, and __________ tracts.

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Besides acting as mechanical barriers, the skin epidermis and mucosae of the body have other attributes that contribute to their protective roles. Cite the common body locations and the importance of mucus, lysozyme, keratin, acid pH, and cilia.
Diphtheria (diphtheria) spread through direct contact and aerosolized expulsions. C. diphtheriae have 3 substrains generation times - gravis (60 minutes), intermedius (100 minutes), and mitis (180 minutes). The gravis substrain is the most virulent as the toxic effects of diphtheria occur the fastest.  Explain this in the terms of C. diphtheriae’s requirement for iron.
The endothelial cells found closest to the site of an infection express proteins called lectins. Each lectin binds to a particular ____________ that is presented on the surface of a target cell.

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Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)

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Mechanisms of Pathogenicity: Microbiology; Author: Dr. Frank O'Neill GrowGrayMatter;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SDyl0JNCeho;License: CC-BY