Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 35, Problem 1FIB
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

A nutrient is a substance used by an organism for the basic life activities, such as for the survival and reproduction. The requirements for nutrients apply to animals, plants, fungi, and every living organism. Some nutrients can be metabolically converted to smaller molecules during the process of releasing energy, such as for carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

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Answer to Problem 1FIB

Correct answer:

Two general roles for nutrients are to provide energy and raw material. Nutrients required in small amounts that often assist in enzymes function are called vitamins. Nutrients that are elements are called minerals. Nutrients that cannot be synthesized by the body are called essential nutrients.

Explanation of Solution

A nutrient is a substance used by an organism for their survival, growth, and reproduction. Nutrients intake applies to animals, plants, fungi, and protists and every living organism. Those nutrients which cannot be produced by the body and must be present in the diet are called as essential nutrients.

Vitamins are organic compounds that an organism requires in a smaller amount and it is also essential for growth and survival of the living being. Minerals are chemical elements required as essential nutrients by an organism to perform basic functions of life. Most of the minerals in a human diet are taken by eating plants and the plant absorbs their essential minerals from the soil.

Conclusion

Vitamins and minerals are the important nutrients used by the organism for their growth, energy, survival, and reproduction.

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Imagine that you are a clinical geneticist. Your colleague is an oncologist who wants your help explaining the basics of genetics to their patient, who will be undergoing genetic testing in the coming weeks for possible acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induced by the radiation she had several years ago for breast cancer. Write a 1,050- to 1,225-word memo to your colleague. Include the following in your memo: An explanation of the molecular structure of DNA and RNA, highlighting both similarities and differences  A description of the processes of transcription and translation An explanation of the differences between leading and lagging strands and how the DNA is replicated in each strand Reponses to the following common questions patients might ask about this type of genetic testing and genetic disorder: Does AML run in families? What genes are tested for?
Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words: What are some potential consequences that could result if the processes of replication, transcription, and translation don’t function correctly? Provide an example of how you might explain these consequences in terms that patients might understand.

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Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)

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