College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168048
Author: Paul Peter Urone, OpenStax, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 5CQ
If some unknown cause of red shift−such as light becoming "?red" from traveling long distances through empty space−is discovered, what effect would there be on cosmology?
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If some unknown cause of red shift—such as light becoming “tired” from traveling long distances through empty space—isdiscovered, what effect would there be on cosmology?
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Suppose that you have a flat universe that has matter and dark energy with wd = -2/3 & Ωd,0 =0.7
At the time when light with z = 1 was emitted from a distant galaxy what was the ratio Ɛd /Ɛm ?
What mechanism can simultaneously solve both the flatness and horizon problems in cosmology?
Chapter 34 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 34 - Explain why it only appears that we are at the...Ch. 34 - If there is no observable edge to the universe,...Ch. 34 - If the universe is infinite, does it have a...Ch. 34 - Another known cause of red shift in light is the...Ch. 34 - If some unknown cause of red shiftsuch as light...Ch. 34 - Olbers’s paradox poses an interesting question: If...Ch. 34 - If the cosmic microwave background radiation...Ch. 34 - The decay of one type of Kmeson is cited as...Ch. 34 - Distances to local galaxies are determined by...Ch. 34 - Distances to very remote galaxies are estimated...
Ch. 34 - If the smallest meaningful time interval is...Ch. 34 - Quantum gravity, if developed, would be an...Ch. 34 - Does observed gravitational lensing correspond to...Ch. 34 - Suppose you measure the red shifts of all the...Ch. 34 - What are gravitational waves, and have they yet...Ch. 34 - Is the event horizon of a black hole the actual...Ch. 34 - Suppose black holes radiate their mass away and...Ch. 34 - Discuss the possibility that star velocities at...Ch. 34 - How does relativistic time dilation prohibit...Ch. 34 - If neutrino oscillations do occur, will they...Ch. 34 - Lacking direct evidence of WIMPs as dark matter,...Ch. 34 - Must a complex system be adaptive to be of...Ch. 34 - State a necessary condition for a System to be...Ch. 34 - What is critical temperature Tc? Do all materials...Ch. 34 - Explain how good thermal contact with liquid...Ch. 34 - Not only is liquid nitrogen a cheaper coolant than...Ch. 34 - For experimental evidence particularly of...Ch. 34 - Discuss whether you think there are limits to what...Ch. 34 - Find the approximate mass of the luminous matter...Ch. 34 - Find the approximate mass of the dark and luminous...Ch. 34 - (a) Estimate the mass of the luminous matter in...Ch. 34 - If a galaxy is 500 Mly away from us, how fast do...Ch. 34 - On average, how far away are galaxies mat are...Ch. 34 - Our solar system orbits the center of the Milky...Ch. 34 - (a) What is the approximate speed relative to us...Ch. 34 - (a) Calculate The approximate age of the universe...Ch. 34 - Assuming a circular orbit for the Sun about the...Ch. 34 - (a) What is the approximate force of gravity on a...Ch. 34 - Andromeda galaxy is the closest large galaxy and...Ch. 34 - (a) A particle and its antiparticle are at rest...Ch. 34 - The average particle energy needed to observe...Ch. 34 - The peak intensity of the CMBR occurs at a...Ch. 34 - (a) What Hubble constant corresponds to an...Ch. 34 - Show that the velocity of a star orbiting its...Ch. 34 - The core of a star collapses during a supernova,...Ch. 34 - Using data from the previous problem, find the...Ch. 34 - Distances to the nearest stars (up to 500 by away)...Ch. 34 - (a) Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to...Ch. 34 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a star moving...Ch. 34 - What is the Schwarzschild radius of a blank hole...Ch. 34 - Black holes with masses smaller than muse formed...Ch. 34 - Supermassive black holes are thought to exist at...Ch. 34 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a supermassive...Ch. 34 - The characteristic length of entities in...Ch. 34 - If the dark matter in the Milky Way were composed...Ch. 34 - The critical mass density needed to just halt the...Ch. 34 - Assume the average density of the universe is 0.1...Ch. 34 - To get an idea of how empty deep spam is on the...Ch. 34 - A section of superconducting wire carries a...
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- In the past, many scientists believed the universe to be infinite. However, if the universe is infinite, then any Line of sight should eventually fall on a star’s surface and the night sky should be very bright. How is this paradox resolved in modern cosmology?arrow_forwardIf there is no observable edge to the universe, can we determine where its center of expansion is? Explain.arrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding What is if v=0.650c?arrow_forward
- Check Your Understanding The light of a galaxy that moves away from us is “redshifted.” What occurs to the light of a galaxy that moves toward us?arrow_forwardIf a galaxy is 153 Mpc away flora us, how fast do we expect it to be moving and in what direction?arrow_forwardPlease answer the whole question with clear workings, thank you.arrow_forward
- Suppose you measure the red shifts of all the images produced by gravitational lensing, .You findthat the central image has a red shift less than the outer images, and those all have the same red shift. Discuss how this not onlyshows that the images are of the same object, but also implies that the red shift is not affected by taking different paths throughspace. Does it imply that cosmological red shifts are not caused by traveling through space (light getting tired, perhaps)?arrow_forwardDoes the universe have a center? Explain.arrow_forwardpls send answer of both the part immidiately and i will rate you sure sirarrow_forward
- *39 Will the universe continue to expand forever? To attack this question, assume that the theory of dark energy is in error and that the recessional speed v of a galaxy a distance r from us is determined only by the gravitational interaction of the matter that lies inside a sphere of radius r centered on us. If the total mass inside this sphere is M, the escape speed v, from the sphere is v. = V2GMIT (Eq. 13-28). (a) Show that to prevent unlimited expansion, the aver- age density p inside the sphere must be at least equal to ЗН 87G (b) Evaluate this "critical density" numerically; express your an- swer in terms of hydrogen atoms per cubic meter. Measurements of the actual density are difficult and are complicated by the pres- ence of dark matter.arrow_forwardgravity)! 6. Consider a star of radius R and mass M. Suppose light of wavelength A, is emitted from the surface of the star. What wavelength A would we see this light to be, assuming we are approximately an infinite distance from the star and are at rest with respect to the star? (An approximate formula, such as in the book, is fine). Short Answer Seach] No justification is required for the answers to any of the following questions. Also, no num- bers are required for these questions: In case any formulas are required in the answer, please keep them in terms of fundamental constants without substituting in the values of these fun- damental constants.arrow_forwardplease explain on paper thank u I will likearrow_forward
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