Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 34, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Osmosis is the process in which water moves across the semi-permeable membrane due to the concentration gradient. It is responsible for the short distance transport mechanisms across the plant cells. The underlying force for osmosis is the water potential, that is, the potential energy of the water.
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The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane toward solutes is called diffusion.
A. True
B. False
The mechanisms for producing the medullary osmotic gradient require
active transport of sodium and chloride ions from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
active transport of sodium and chloride ions from the ascending limb of the vasa recta.
the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to be permeable to water.
the vasa recta to be impermeable to water.
both A and B
1. Consider a cell with surface area 2.5 x 102 mm, initial water potential of -0.3MPA
and membrane hydraulic conductance of 10 m s MPa". The cell is placed in
freshwater having a solute potential of -0.15 MPa.
(a) Calculate the driving force for water movement into the cell.
(b) Determine the initial flow rate of water into the cell in volumetric terms.
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.1 - Explain how the apoplastic, symplastic, and...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 34.5 - Compare and contrast translocation and...Ch. 34.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 34 - An indoor gardener leaving for vacation completely...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 34 - Discuss Concepts Concerns about global climate...Ch. 34 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 34 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking A variety of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 3ITD
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements is correct? A. A transmembrane integral protein is required for a lipophilic solute to move through the plasma membrane. B. The net movement of water through a cell membrane is dependent on both the osmotic gradient and the presence of transmembrane channel proteins? C. The membrane permeability for an ion is determined in part by the number of open unipart carriers for that ion in the membrane? D. Both A and B are correct & C is incorrect E. A, B, & C are all correct Please explain! Thank you so mucharrow_forwardSolutes tend to diffuse from a region where they ar_____ concentrated to an adjacent region where they are_______ concentrated. a. more, less c. movement is independent b. less, more of concentrationarrow_forwardThe figure at right illustrates the relationship between body fluid osmotic concentration and environment osmotic concentration for several aquatic animals. In seawater (ambient osmotic pressure = 1000 mOsm), the shrimp is best described as... A. A hypo-ionic regulator B. A hyperosmotic conformer C. A hypo-osmotic regulator D. A euryhaline conformer E. None of the above Blood osmotic pressure (mOsm) 1500 1000 500 0 0 Green crab Mussel Shrimp 500 1000 Ambient osmotic pressure (mOsm) 1500arrow_forward
- A8.arrow_forwardA 500mL beaker is equally divided by a membrane permeable only to NaCl. Side A contains 250mL of a 1x10-6M of NaCl. Side B contains 250mL 1x10-12M of NaCl. In which direction will the NaCl diffuse? Select one: a. Diffuse Side A to Side B. b. Diffuse Side B to Side A. c. No diffusion will occur; it is already at equilibrium.arrow_forwardSome aquatic organisms, when confronted with a changing external osmotic environment, allow the internal (but extracellular) fluid osmotic pressure to follow, or to "match," the external osmotic pressure as it changes. This organism would be classified as a(an) ... A. hyporegulator. B. osmoconformer. C. osmomanipulator. D. hyperregulator. E. osmoregulator.arrow_forward
- Tissue culture media is a buffered nutrient solution used in laboratories to grow mammalian tissue culture cells for experiments. When cell biologists grow mammalian tissue culture cells a major issue is media acidification caused by the cells excreting metabolic byproducts. Media makers must be careful not to include too much solute in their media, as it can kill the cells through osmotic pressure imbalances, so getting the balance right is important. Based on this, if you were designing tissue culture media what ratio of acid to base would you think is best for the buffer component of your media? O90% acid: 10% base 25% acid: 75% base 75% acid: 25% base O 50% acid: 50% base 10% acid: 90% basearrow_forwardIf you get four osmometers with different concentrations of sucrose, 0.3 mM, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9-, and 1.2-mM? Which one of these osmometers will have the highest osmotic pressure? O a. The 1.2 mM O b. The 0.3 mM The 0.9 mM d. The 0.6 mM е. The 0.4 mMarrow_forwardTwo solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane that is permeable only to water. The two solutions are: Solution A = 150 mM KCl Solution B = 150 mM Angiotensin (a 7 amino acid polypeptide) Which of the following would best explain the net movement in this situation? - water will move from the KCl side to Angiotensin side - water will move from Angiotensin side to KCl side - The Cl- ion will move to the angiotensin side until there is 75 mM Cl- on each side - Since Angiotensin is not an ion, it can move through the membrane - There is no net water movement as the concentrations are the same on both sidesarrow_forward
- Choose pne of these choices: A. Water molecules will still be able to move across the cell membrand but at a slkwer rate. B. Water moleces will no longer be able to move across the cell membrane. C. Water molecules will move across the cell membrand at a faster rate without the aquaporin regulating their flow. D. Water molecules will only be able to enter the cell by active transport.arrow_forwardWhen comparing the solute concentrations of two fluids, the fluid with the higher solute concentration will be which of the following? A. Hypotonic B. Hypertonic C. Isotonicarrow_forwardShow the direction of water flow and mark the side with the greater osmotic pressure if you have a selectively permeable membrane that is permeable to water but not to a specific solute and if the two sides of the membrane have different solute concentrations.arrow_forward
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The Cell Membrane; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsffT7XIXbA;License: Standard youtube license