Concept explainers
To review:
The experimental design to determine the photosynthetic strategy followed by the new species of succulent plant, which has stomata open during the daytime under the mild spring environment.
Introduction:
The process of photosynthesis is categorized on the basis of external environmental conditions into different types. C3, C4 and CAM photosynthetic pathways are the modes followed by the plants to make sugars from CO2. Crassulacean acid
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Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
- In hot, dry climates, plants have evolved mechanisms to avoid photorespiration. Which of the following is FALSE Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d e C3 plants have no mechanism to avoid photorespiration C4 plants reduce photorespiration by separating the light reaction in the mesophyll cells from the light- independent reaction in the bundle-sheath cells CAM plants minimize photorespiration by collecting and storing CO2 at night and keeping their stomata closed during the day C4 plants include corn, sugarcane, and many grasses CAM plants can undergo photophosphorylation in the absence of sunlight Open in Readirarrow_forwardConsider a soil with the following properties: The water content at the permanent wilting point is 0 = 5 Vol.% The actual plant available water accounts for 3 Vol.% The water content at saturation is 0,-38 Vol.% The water content at a suction of 10 cm is 35 Vol.% a) What is the field capacity of your soil? State the calculation, not only the result. b) What matric potential (suction) values do you assume for the wilting point and field capacity of your soil?arrow_forwardWhich of the following biofertilizer extends the root system's reach, allowing for enhanced water and nutrient absorption? Explain.a. Bio-N (Corn) [Azospirillum lipoferum and Azospirillum brasilense] b. Trichoderma [Trichoderma sp.]c. Mykovam [vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza]arrow_forward
- In a practice known as crop rotation, farmers alternate a crop of legumes (plants like beans, whose roots bear nodules containing Rhizobium) with a crop of non- legumes. What is the benefit of this practice?arrow_forwardShow the sequence of secondary growth by drawing the row of cells from the boxed area below and labeling the vascular cambium cell (V), 5 xylem cells from oldest (X1) to youngest (X5), and 3 phloem cells (P1 to P3). Show what happens after growth continues by drawing and labeling a row with twice as many xylem and phloem cells. How does the vascular cambium’s location change? A pear has a hard texture but juicy. State two cells that give the characteristics? State the function of the transitional epithelium found in the mammalian urinogenital system. (i) Identify type of tissue lines the air sacs of the lungs. (ii) Explain how the tissue named in (i) adapted to its function.arrow_forwardXerophytic plants are well adapted for very wet conditions. True False Which types of soils usually have reduced supplies of macronutrients (carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc.)? neutral soils (pH 7) slightly basic soils (pH 8-9) strongly acidic soils (pH 4-5)arrow_forward
- An experiment is conducted to determine the effect of classical music on the growth rate of marigolds (flowers). Two groups of plants are grown from seed in identical soil types, exposed to identical light conditions, and given the same nutrients. Group A is in a quiet atmosphere. The plants in group B provided with the same atmosphere, except that classical music is played for twelve hours daily in this area. The scientist measures the plants in both groups each day and records the data. In experimental design, Group A is known as.* experimental group control group non-experimental group O quasi-experimental grouparrow_forwardYou have been chosen as the lead student gardener for the CSUMB Future Farmers of America Club (FFAC). Your club is looking to you and your Bio211 plant experience to guide them. You arrive at the new FFAC garden plots where your club mates show you their cherry tree that they've been having trouble with. Originally, its leave would change color and fall off the tree, as expected, in the autumn. However, more recently the leaves started changing color and falling off in the spring time. Which hormone does the tree likely have in excess and why?arrow_forwardPaul Klein has a favorite plant which is Duranta repens. He places the plant aloe in a covered airtight container that is exposed to the sunlight. Assume a watering system is provided. What will happen to the plant? Will it live or die? Why?arrow_forward
- A mesquite root is found penetrating a mine shaft about 150 feet below the surface of the soil. How might you determine when the root first grew into the shaft? (Hint: Mesquite is a woody plant.)arrow_forwardWhich of the following explains why pea plants in high soil nitrogen conditions have so few rhizobial nodules on their roots? When there is already high soil nitrogen there is a very large cost to having rhizobial nodules. The rhizobia bacteria in the nodules fix nitrogen when there isn't enough in the soil, so when there is already high soil nitrogen there is no advantage for the pea plant to expend the extra energy housing the rhizobia. The rhizobia bacteria in the nodules use nitrogen when there isn't enough in the soil, so in conditions of high soil nitrogen the plant tries to exclude the rhizobia to keep the nitrogen for itself. When there is already high soil nitrogen there is no benefit to the plant to having rhizobial nodules, which can rob the plant of the high nitrogen supplies so that the rhizobia bacteria do not have to fix the nitrogen themselves.arrow_forwardi) list TWO adaptations that show that the plant conserves water.ii) Photosynthetic cells produce starch and may be stored. Describe how one may test for the presence of starch on a piece of potato tissue. iii) Give TWO characteristics of monocotyledonous plants. d. The transition of plants from an aquatic environment to a terrestrial one has broughtabout many evolutionary adaptations for plants to survive on land. Give ONE adaptationfor each of the following divisions:i) Mosses: ii) Gymnosperms.arrow_forward
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