Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 33, Problem 2CHI
How might the various antimicrobial chemical factors be developed into new methods to control infectious disease, such as for antibiotic resistant bacteria?
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Below, you can see a picture of an antimicrobial drug. Regarding semi-synthetic antimicrobial drug development to try to avoid development of antibiotic resistance, use 1 sentence to address what is the significance/value of the presence of the various R-groups (e.g. R4, R5, R6, etc.)?
The type of antimicrobial drug that would be most likely to have toxic effects in
humans based on the premise of selective toxicity when treating microbial infection
would be a drug that
O 1) inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall
O 2) inhibits metabolic pathways
O 3) disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane
4) inhibits protein synthesis
5) All of the above have equal potential to be toxic
What is a relevant biological process that can be used to briefly explain or illustrate the risks associated with antibiotics?
Chapter 33 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 33.1 - Prob. 1RIACh. 33.1 - Compare and contrast the adaptive and innate...Ch. 33.2 - Why is the skin such a good first line of defense...Ch. 33.2 - Prob. 2RIACh. 33.2 - Prob. 3RIACh. 33.3 - What strategies could a Gram-negative bacterium...Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1.1RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 1.2RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 1.3RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 1.4RIA
Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1.5RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 2.1RIACh. 33.3 - Prob. 2.2RIACh. 33.3 - How might acute-phase reactants assist in pathogen...Ch. 33.4 - For what does the dendritic cell use its cellular...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 2MICh. 33.4 - Describe the structure and function of each of the...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 1.2RIACh. 33.4 - Prob. 1.3RIACh. 33.4 - What is a plasma cell?Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 2.2RIACh. 33.4 - Discuss the role of NK cells in protecting the...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 3.1RIACh. 33.4 - Injury to the spleen can lead to its removal. What...Ch. 33.4 - Describe SALT and MALT functions in innate...Ch. 33.5 - Prob. 1RIACh. 33.5 - Prob. 2RIACh. 33.5 - How do macrophages and dendritic cells become...Ch. 33.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 33.6 - Prob. 1RIACh. 33.6 - How does chronic inflammation differ from acute...Ch. 33 - Some pathogens invade cells; others invade tissue...Ch. 33 - How might the various antimicrobial chemical...Ch. 33 - How might a scientist use selective gene knockouts...Ch. 33 - Conservation of resources is a common theme in...
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- Which of these antibiotics would do the best job as a broad spectrum antibiotic?arrow_forwardBroad-spectrum drugs target a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. Even when the broad-spectrum drug is capable of killing a target pathogen, it may not be the best treatment. Which statement best explains why a broad spectrum drug might be an undesirable treatment choice? Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are usually toxic to the host cells. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials only work if they are used shortly after the infection begins. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may kill much of the normal microbiota. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are not able to kill bacteria that are in their log phase of growth. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may stimulate excess growth of the normal microbiota.arrow_forwardWhat is the main group of microorganisms producing the most antibiotics? Describe the biochemical characteristics of this microorganism and provide TWO (2) examples of antibiotics produced by these microbes.arrow_forward
- No one would dispute the facts that the use of antibiotics is extremely beneficial. Why then are there currently discussions around the idea that we as a society should be limiting our antibiotic use? What are the pros and cons of utilizing antibacterial and antimicrobial products (NOT antibiotics) on a daily basis? Do you agree or disagree that the use of antibiotics should be reduced and if so, how should it be done?arrow_forwardHow can some bacteria become resistant to antimicrobial drugs?arrow_forwardHow do populations (or strains) of microbes evolve resistance to antimicrobials? (For this question, explain how random mutations and the variation in susceptibility within a population affect the development of resistant strains?arrow_forward
- What alternatives are there to antibiotics to address bacteria that have resistance?arrow_forwardList four mechanisms that bacteria have developed through mutation to resist antimicrobial drugsarrow_forwardWhich of the following types of antimicrobial drugs make microbes more susceptible to osmotic pressure? 1) drugs that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis O 2) drugs that inhibit metabolic pathways 3) drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis 4) drugs that block a pathogen's recognition of its host 5) drugs that inhibit protein synthesisarrow_forward
- (a) Describe how a microorganism may become resistant to a drug to which it was previously susceptible. (b) What can health care workers do to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? (c) What can you do on a personal level to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? 2.arrow_forwardIs Penicillin a weak antibiotic?arrow_forwardChanges in the bacterial genome can lead to resistance to antimicrobialdrugs. what the different ways that these changes in the DNA occur?arrow_forward
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USMLE-Rx Antimicrobial Therapy; Author: USMLE-Rx;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pka1Ynlrqtw;License: Standard Youtube License