Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 32, Problem 2DAA
Summary Introduction
To determine: How many photobeam breaks did the MDMA-exposed rats make during the second five minutes in a new cage.
Concept introduction: Ecstasy is a psychedelic drug. Its active ingredient is 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA). It is commonly used as a recreational drug.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
ACCORDING TO: New Nerve Cell for the Adult Brain By: Gerd Kempermann and Fred Gage
What is the previous evidence that stem cells did exist in the adult brain? (This should be dated, with a brief explanation of the studies)
How do we study neurogenesis in animals? In humans?
Where can we find stem cells in the brain? What is so important about these brain structures? (For example: Why do we find excess stem cells in these structures, but not in others?)
How can stem cell proliferation be inhibited?
How might neurogenesis be related to learning and memory?
Write a Worm neuronal function assay paragraph about a worm neuronal function and find an experiment that could test why the worm may have this worm neuronal function. Such as a worm spiraling.
One robust assay of worm behavior is…. “Finish the sentence” and find an experiment that could determine why the worm behavior is this way.
Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on cognitive functions conducted a con-
trolled experiment in which rats were randomly assigned to sedentary (Sed), low-intensity
exercise (Low-Ex), or high-intensity exercise (High-Ex) groups. During this exercise regi-
ment, rats were also trained to navigate a specialized water maze, and their escape la
tency, the time it took them to escape the maze, was recorded. The results of this experi-
ment are depicted in the figure below.
escape latency (sec)
100
80
60-
40-
20
0-
day 10
day 11
Escape latencies during the training phase
Based on the data above,
day 12
(b) Identify the control group in the experiment.
sed
-- low-ex
-- high-ex
(a) Identify the dependent and independent variables in the experiment.
day 13
Respond to each part in 3 to 4 complete sentences.
(c) Compare the effects of low-intensity and high-intensity exercise on the rats' cognitive func-
tion during the training period.
Chapter 32 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 32 - Prob. 1DAACh. 32 - Prob. 2DAACh. 32 - Prob. 3DAACh. 32 - Prob. 4DAACh. 32 - ___ relay messages from the brain and .spinal cord...Ch. 32 - When a neuron is at rest, ________ . a. it is at...Ch. 32 - An action potential begins when ___ . a. a neuron...Ch. 32 - Most human axons have a myelin sheath that ___ ....Ch. 32 - Neurotransmitters are released. by ___ . a. axon...Ch. 32 - What chemicals is released by the axon terminals...
Ch. 32 - Which neurotransmitter is important in...Ch. 32 - Skeletal muscles are controlled by ______ . a....Ch. 32 - When you sit quietly on the couch and read, output...Ch. 32 - In the central nervous system, all synapses are in...Ch. 32 - The brain and spinal cord develop from the...Ch. 32 - An injury ___ in the spinal cord can lead to...Ch. 32 - ___ deep in the brain plays a role in emotion. a....Ch. 32 - Commands to move your right arm start in the...Ch. 32 - Prob. 15SQCh. 32 - Prob. 1CTCh. 32 - Most tumors that originate in the brain are not...Ch. 32 - Hansen's disease, also known as leprosy, arises...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- E. Many neurotoxins have been used extensively in physiological studies of neurons. When comparing tetrodotoxin found in puffer fish and batrachotoxins from poison dart-frogs, the former had no effect on a neurons resting potential but completely stopped its action potential, whereas the later toxin immediately initiates depolarization of a neuron but prevents repolarization. Can your group hypothesize how these toxins affect the nerve transmission differently? arch entries or author Unread | * |arrow_forwardSTAC: The Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition proposed in 2009 is a conceptual model of neuroimaging to explain how the combined effects of adverse and compensatory neutral processe produce varying levels of cognitive function. [ P QUESTION 22 Which one is not the best way to describe necessary "threshold" as "sensitivity" declines with age? Individuals with lower sensitivity also have a lower threshold or tolerance for stimulation. O As sensitivity goes down, the threshold must be higher to compensate. Individuals with a low-sensitivity, need more stimulation than people with high-sensitivity. none of the above QUESTION 23arrow_forwardSuppose that a neuroanatomist performed two experiments on an animal with the same basic brainstem structure as a human’s: In experiment 1, he selectively transected (cut across) the pyramids on the anterior side of the medulla oblongata; and in experiment 2, he selectively transected the gracile and cuneate fasciculi on the posterior side. How would the outcomes of the two experiments differ?arrow_forward
- Many neurotoxins have been used extensively in physiological studies of neurons. When comparing tetrodotoxin found in puffer fish and batrachotoxins from poison dart-frogs, the former had no effect on a neurons resting potential but completely stopped its action potential, whereas the later toxin immediately initiates depolarization of a neuron but prevents repolarization. Can your group hypothesize how these toxins affect the nerve transmission differently?arrow_forwardAssume we can record spatially related neural activity from the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus of human. You are on vacation in London and have a map to find the Tower of London (you also do not have a smartphone). What spatially related activity would you see in the entorhinal cortex as you are walking around London with your map with Cartesian coordinates? What activity pattern would you see in the hippocampus as you were moving toward your destination?arrow_forwardDiscuss how CNS and PNS work together in receiving stimuli and sending out a response. What could have been the factors in the environment that made the evolution of brain from fishes to mammals very interesting?arrow_forward
- When expert pianists listen to familiar, well-practiced music, they imagine the finger movements, and the finger area of their motor cortex becomes active, even if they are not moving their fingers (Haueisen & Knösche, 2001). If we regard those neurons as another kind of mirror neuron, what do these results imply about the origin of mirror neurons?arrow_forwardWhich of the following would you NOT expect with respect to variation in neural conduction velocity? Neural conduction speed increases over developmental time as Schwann cells synthesize myelin sheaths, insulating neurons Neural conduction velocity is higher in invertebrate species with insulating sheaths functionally equivalent to vertebrate myelin Neurons and species with larger axon diameters should have greater conduction velocities Neural networks with greater serial processing (i.e., lines of connecting neurons) should have greater neural conduction velocities. The thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine and thyroxine) have a range of roles in regulating growth and metabolism. Thyroid hormones act throughout the body to regulate protein synthesis, long bone growth, and neural maturation. This represents an ______ effect of thyroid hormones. At the same time, through some unknown mechanism, application of thyroid hormones results in an immediate reduction in body temperature, which…arrow_forwardIntroduction to Neuroscience Question: The hypothalamus is responsible for all of the following Except? Group of answer choices Sleep/wake cycle Feeding and breeding Activation of sympathetic response to emotional stimulus Innate defensive behavior The hypothalamus is responsible for all of the above Please explain your answer in great detail by providing a strong rational basis for your answer choice.arrow_forward
- Discuss Concepts In the 1930s and 1940s, prefrontal lobotomy, in which neural connections in the frontal lobes of both cerebral hemispheres were severed, was used to treat behavioral conditions such as extreme anxiety and rebellious- ness. Although the procedure calmed patients, it had side effects such as apathy and a seriously disrupted personality. In view of the information presented in this chapter, why do you think the operation had these effects?arrow_forwardWatch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/braindevel) to examine the development of the brain, starting with the neural tube. As the anterior end of the neural tube develops, it enlarges into the primary vesicles that establish the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Those structures continue to develop throughout the rest of embryonic development and into adolescence. They are the basis of the structure of the fully developed adult brain. How would you describe the difference in the relative sizes of the three regions of the brain when comparing the early (25th embryonic day) brain and the adult brain?arrow_forwardEVOLUTION LINK CREB has been shown to be a signaling molecule in the memory pathway in many animals, including fruit flies and mice. What does that suggest about the evolution of learning and memory?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168130Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark WomblePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781305073951
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168130
Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher:OpenStax College
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning