Statistical Reasoning for Everyday Life Plus MyLab Statistics with Pearson eText -- 18 Week Access Card Package (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780135990278
Author: Bennett, Jeffrey O., Briggs, William L., Triola, Mario F.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3.2, Problem 14E
Most Appropriate Display. Exercises 11–14 describe data sets but do not give actual data. For each data set, describe the data as qualitative or quantitative, and then state the type of graphic that you believe would be most appropriate for displaying the data, if they were available. Explain your choice.
14. Airline Choices. The percentage of flights on a single day by each airline (e.g., United, Delta, Southwest)
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Question 4
An article in Quality Progress (May 2011, pp. 42-48) describes the use of factorial experiments to improve a
silver powder production process. This product is used in conductive pastes to manufacture a wide variety of
products ranging from silicon wafers to elastic membrane switches. Powder density (g/cm²) and surface area
(cm/g) are the two critical characteristics of this product. The experiments involved three factors: reaction
temperature, ammonium percentage, stirring rate. Each of these factors had two levels, and the design was
replicated twice. The design is shown in Table 3.
A222222222222233
Stir Rate
(RPM)
Ammonium
(%)
Table 3: Silver Powder Experiment from Exercise 13.23
Temperature
(°C)
Density
Surface Area
100
8
14.68
0.40
100
8
15.18
0.43
30
100
8
15.12
0.42
30
100
17.48
0.41
150
7.54
0.69
150
8
6.66
0.67
30
150
8
12.46
0.52
30
150
8
12.62
0.36
100
40
10.95
0.58
100
40
17.68
0.43
30
100
40
12.65
0.57
30
100
40
15.96
0.54
150
40
8.03
0.68
150
40
8.84
0.75
30
150…
-
+
++
Table 2: Crack Experiment for Exercise 2
A B C D Treatment Combination
(1)
Replicate
I II
7.037
6.376
14.707 15.219
|++++ 1
བྱ॰༤༠སྦྱོ སྦྱོཋཏྟཱུ
a
b
ab
11.635 12.089
17.273 17.815
с
ас
10.403 10.151
4.368 4.098
bc
abc
9.360 9.253
13.440 12.923
d
8.561 8.951
ad
16.867 17.052
bd
13.876 13.658
abd
19.824 19.639
cd
11.846 12.337
acd
6.125
5.904
bcd
11.190 10.935
abcd
15.653 15.053
Question 3
Continuation of Exercise 2. One of the variables in the experiment described in Exercise 2, heat treatment
method (C), is a categorical variable. Assume that the remaining factors are continuous.
(a) Write two regression models for predicting crack length, one for each level of the heat treatment method
variable. What differences, if any, do you notice in these two equations?
(b) Generate appropriate response surface contour plots for the two regression models in part (a).
(c) What set of conditions would you recommend for the factors A, B, and D if you use heat treatment method
C = +?
(d) Repeat…
Question 2
A nickel-titanium alloy is used to make components for jet turbine aircraft engines. Cracking is a potentially
serious problem in the final part because it can lead to nonrecoverable failure. A test is run at the parts producer
to determine the effect of four factors on cracks. The four factors are: pouring temperature (A), titanium content
(B), heat treatment method (C), amount of grain refiner used (D). Two replicates of a 24 design are run, and
the length of crack (in mm x10-2) induced in a sample coupon subjected to a standard test is measured. The
data are shown in Table 2.
1
(a) Estimate the factor effects. Which factor effects appear to be large?
(b) Conduct an analysis of variance. Do any of the factors affect cracking? Use a = 0.05.
(c) Write down a regression model that can be used to predict crack length as a function of the significant
main effects and interactions you have identified in part (b).
(d) Analyze the residuals from this experiment.
(e) Is there an…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Statistical Reasoning for Everyday Life Plus MyLab Statistics with Pearson eText -- 18 Week Access Card Package (5th Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - Frequency Table. What is a frequency table? How...Ch. 3.1 - Relative Frequency. What do we mean by relative...Ch. 3.1 - Cumulative Frequency. What do we mean by...Ch. 3.1 - Binning. What is the purpose of binning? Give an...Ch. 3.1 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Pulse Rates of Females. In Exercises 912, refer to...Ch. 3.1 - Pulse Rates of Females. In Exercises 912, refer to...
Ch. 3.1 - Pulse Rates of Females. In Exercises 912, refer to...Ch. 3.1 - Pulse Rates of Females. In Exercises 912, refer to...Ch. 3.1 - Birth Days. Births at a hospital in New York State...Ch. 3.1 - Clinical Trial. As part of a clinical trial, the...Ch. 3.1 - Train Derailments. An analysis of 50 train...Ch. 3.1 - Analysis of Last Digits. Weights of respondents...Ch. 3.1 - Academy Award-Winning Male Actors. The following...Ch. 3.1 - Body Temperatures. The following data show the...Ch. 3.1 - Loaded Die. An experiment was conducted in which a...Ch. 3.1 - Interpreting Family Data. Consider the following...Ch. 3.1 - Computer Keyboards. The traditional keyboard...Ch. 3.1 - Double Binning. The students in a statistics class...Ch. 3.2 - Distribution Graph. What is a distribution of...Ch. 3.2 - Qualitative Data. Which types of graph described...Ch. 3.2 - Yearly Data. Which type of graph described in this...Ch. 3.2 - Histogram and Stemplot. Assume that a data set is...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 3.2 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.2 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.2 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.2 - Histogram. Children living near a smelter in Texas...Ch. 3.2 - Understanding Data. Suppose you have a list of...Ch. 3.2 - Most Appropriate Display. Exercises 1114 describe...Ch. 3.2 - Most Appropriate Display. Exercises 1114 describe...Ch. 3.2 - Most Appropriate Display. Exercises 1114 describe...Ch. 3.2 - Most Appropriate Display. Exercises 1114 describe...Ch. 3.2 - Academy Award-Winning Male Actors. Exercise 17 in...Ch. 3.2 - Body Temperatures. Exercise 18 in Section 3.1...Ch. 3.2 - Job Hunting. A survey was conducted to determine...Ch. 3.2 - Job Hunting. Refer to the data given in Exercise...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.2 - Job Application Mistakes Construct a Pareto chart...Ch. 3.2 - Dotplot. Refer to the QWERTY data in Exercise 21...Ch. 3.2 - Dotplot. Refer to the Dvorak data in Exercise 21...Ch. 3.2 - Stemplot. Construct a stemplot of these test...Ch. 3.2 - Stemplot. Listed below are the lengths (in...Ch. 3.2 - DJIA. Listed below (in order by row) are annual...Ch. 3.2 - Home Runs. Listed below (in order by row) are the...Ch. 3.3 - Multiple Data. Briefly describe how each of the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 3.3 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.3 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.3 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.3 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.3 - Public and Private Colleges. The stack plot in...Ch. 3.3 - Home Prices by Region. The graph in Figure 3.21...Ch. 3.3 - Gender and Salary. Consider the display in Figure...Ch. 3.3 - Marriage and Divorce Rates. The graph in Figure...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 3.3 - College Degrees. The stack plot in Figure 3.25...Ch. 3.3 - Contour Map. For Exercises 17 and 18, refer to the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.3 - Infographic. For Exercises 21 and 22, refer to...Ch. 3.3 - Infographic. For Exercises 21 and 22, refer to...Ch. 3.3 - Creating Graphics. Exercises 2326 give tables of...Ch. 3.3 - Creating Graphics. Exercises 2326 give tables of...Ch. 3.3 - Firearms Fatalities. The following table...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 3.4 - Perceptual Distortion. Use a ruler to measure the...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 3.4 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.4 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.4 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.4 - Does It Make Sense? For Exercises 58, determine...Ch. 3.4 - Exaggerating a Difference. Weekly instruction time...Ch. 3.4 - Graph of Sounds. In a survey conducted by Kelton...Ch. 3.4 - Graph Dimensions. A newspaper used images of...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 3.4 - DJIA. Figure 3.36 on the next page depicts the...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 3.4 - Moores Law. In 1965, Intel cofounder Gordon Moore...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.4 - Constant Dollars. The graph in Figure 3.41 shows...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 3 - Listed below are measured weights (in pounds) of...Ch. 3 - Listed below are measured weights (in pounds) of...Ch. 3 - Listed below are measured weights (in pounds) of...Ch. 3 - Pie Chart for Sports Equipment. USA Today reported...Ch. 3 - Pareto Chart for Sports Equipment. Construct a...Ch. 3 - Bar Chart. Figure 3.43 shows the numbers of U.S....Ch. 3 - As a quality control manager at Ford Motor...Ch. 3 - As a quality control manager at Ford, you monitor...Ch. 3 - A stemplot is created with the braking distances...Ch. 3 - A dotplot of braking distances (in feet) of cars...Ch. 3 - The first category in a frequency table is 90100,...Ch. 3 - The first category in a relative frequency table...Ch. 3 - The third category in a frequency table has a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8CQCh. 3 - When constructing a graph of the same categorical...Ch. 3 - Body Temperatures Listed below are body...Ch. 3 - Why are pictographs generally poor for depicting...Ch. 3 - Note that this graph plots six variables: two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2.2FCh. 3 - Prob. 2.3F
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