(a) Interpretation: To draw the Lewis structure of a molecule in which carbon atom is bonded by a double bond to an other carbon atom. Concept Introduction: A covalent bond is formed by sharing of same number of electrons between two atoms to complete their octet. Atoms taking part in covalent bond formation may share one, two or three electron pairs thus forming single, double and triple bond respectively. Lewis structure of a molecule can be determined as- 1.Calculate the total number of valence electrons.(T.V.E. = a). Sum up all the electrons of all atoms present in the molecule. If the molecule is an anion, add the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion. If it is a cation, subtract the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion. 2. Calculate the total number of electrons required for each atom to have a complete octet or doublet for hydrogen (b). 3. Therefore number of bonds formed = b − a 2 4.Remaining electrons are called as lone pairs. 5.Assign formal charges to atoms.
(a) Interpretation: To draw the Lewis structure of a molecule in which carbon atom is bonded by a double bond to an other carbon atom. Concept Introduction: A covalent bond is formed by sharing of same number of electrons between two atoms to complete their octet. Atoms taking part in covalent bond formation may share one, two or three electron pairs thus forming single, double and triple bond respectively. Lewis structure of a molecule can be determined as- 1.Calculate the total number of valence electrons.(T.V.E. = a). Sum up all the electrons of all atoms present in the molecule. If the molecule is an anion, add the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion. If it is a cation, subtract the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion. 2. Calculate the total number of electrons required for each atom to have a complete octet or doublet for hydrogen (b). 3. Therefore number of bonds formed = b − a 2 4.Remaining electrons are called as lone pairs. 5.Assign formal charges to atoms.
Solution Summary: The author explains how to draw the Lewis structure of a molecule in which carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen.
To draw the Lewis structure of a molecule in which carbon atom is bonded by a double bond to an other carbon atom.
Concept Introduction:
A covalent bond is formed by sharing of same number of electrons between two atoms to complete their octet. Atoms taking part in covalent bond formation may share one, two or three electron pairs thus forming single, double and triple bond respectively.
Lewis structure of a molecule can be determined as-
1.Calculate the total number of valence electrons.(T.V.E. = a).
Sum up all the electrons of all atoms present in the molecule.
If the molecule is an anion, add the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion.
If it is a cation, subtract the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion.
2. Calculate the total number of electrons required for each atom to have a complete octet or doublet for hydrogen (b).
3. Therefore number of bonds formed = b−a2
4.Remaining electrons are called as lone pairs.
5.Assign formal charges to atoms.
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
To draw the Lewis structure of a molecule in which carbon atom is bonded by a double bond to an oxygen atom.
Concept Introduction:
A covalent bond is formed by sharing of same number of electrons between two atoms to complete their octet. Atoms taking part in covalent bond formation may share one, two or three electron pairs thus forming single, double and triple bond respectively.
Lewis structure of a molecule can be determined as-
1. Calculate the total number of valence electrons.(T.V.E. = a).
Sum up all the electrons of all atoms present in the molecule.
If the molecule is an anion, add the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion.
If it is a cation, subtract the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion.
2. Calculate the total number of electrons required for each atom to have a complete octet or doublet for Hydrogen.(b).
3. Therefore number of bonds formed = b−a2
4. Remaining electrons are called as lone pairs.
5. Assign formal charges to atoms.
Interpretation Introduction
(c)
Interpretation:
To draw the Lewis structure for a molecule in which carbon atom is bonded by a double bond to a nitrogen atom.
Concept Introduction:
A covalent bond is formed by sharing of same number of electrons between two atoms to complete their octet. Atoms taking part in covalent bond formation may share one, two or three electron pairs thus forming single, double and triple bond respectively.
Lewis structure of a molecule can be determined as-
1. Calculate the total number of valence electrons.(T.V.E. = a).
Sum up all the electrons of all atoms present in the molecule.
If the molecule is an anion, add the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion.
If it is a cation, subtract the same number of electrons as the charge present on the ion.
2. Calculate the total number of electrons required for each atom to have a complete octet or doublet for Hydrogen.(b).
Name these organic compounds:
structure
name
CH3
CH3
☐
F
F
CH3
☐
O
Explanation
Check
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Classify each of the following molecules as aromatic, antiaromatic, or nonaromatic.
ZI
NH
Explanation
Check
O aromatic
O antiaromatic
O nonaromatic
O aromatic
O antiaromatic
H
O nonaromatic
O aromatic
O antiaromatic
O nonaromatic
×
Part I.
Draw the stepwise reaction mechanism of each product (a, b, c, d, e, f)
HO
HO
OH
НОН,С
HO
OH
Sucrose
HO
CH₂OH
H
N
N
HO
-H
H
-OH
KMnO4, Heat
H
OH
CH₂OH
(d) Phenyl Osatriazole
OH
НОН,С
HO
HO
+
Glacial HOAC
HO-
HO
CH₂OH
OH
HO
Fructose
(a) Glucose
OH
(b)
H₂N
HN
(c)
CuSO4-5H2O,
ethanol
H
N
N
N
HO
·H
H
OH
H
OH
N
CH₂OH
OH
(f) Phenyl Osazone
H
(e) Carboxy phenyl osatriazole
Figure 2.1. Reaction Scheme for the Total Synthesis of Fine Chemicals
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