Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 56E
Consider the ions Sc3+, Cl−, K+, Ca2+, and S2−. Match these ions to the following pictures that represent the relative sizes of the ions.
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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition
Consider the following equilibrium:
2NOCI (g) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) AGº =41. kJ
Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.50 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOCI) and 6.38 atm of chlorine (C12) at 212. °C. Answer the following questions
about this system:
?
rise
Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall?
x10
fall
Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO?
In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that
be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the
pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to
rise by adding NO?
yes
no
If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate
the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
0.035 atm
✓
G
00.
18
Ar
Highlight each glycosidic bond in the molecule below. Then answer the questions in the table under the drawing area.
HO-
HO-
-0
OH
OH
HO
NG
HO-
HO-
OH
OH
OH
OH
NG
OH
€
+
Suppose the molecule in the drawing area below were reacted with H₂ over a platinum catalyst. Edit the molecule to show what would happen to it. That is, turn
it into the product of the reaction.
Also, write the name of the product molecule under the drawing area.
Name: ☐
H
C=0
X
H-
OH
HO-
H
HO-
-H
CH₂OH
×
Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Ch. 3 - Distinguish between the terms electronegativity...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2RQCh. 3 - When an element forms an anion, what happens to...Ch. 3 - Define the term lattice energy. Why,...Ch. 3 - Explain how bond energies can be used to estimate...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6RQCh. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - Explain the terms resonance and delocalized...Ch. 3 - Define formal charge and explain how to calculate...Ch. 3 - The compounds AlCl3, CrCl3, and ICl3 have similar...
Ch. 3 - How would you name HBrO4, KIO3, NaBrO2, and HIO?...Ch. 3 - Explain the electronegativity trends across a row...Ch. 3 - The ionic compound AB is formed. The charges on...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3ALQCh. 3 - The bond energy for a CH bond is about 413 kJ/mol...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5ALQCh. 3 - Which has the greater bond lengths: NO2 or NO3?...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 3 - The second electron affinity values for both...Ch. 3 - What is meant by a chemical bond? Why do atoms...Ch. 3 - Why are some bonds ionic and some covalent?Ch. 3 - Prob. 11ALQCh. 3 - Prob. 12ALQCh. 3 - Prob. 13ALQCh. 3 - Why do we call Ba(NO3)2 barium nitrate, but we...Ch. 3 - Prob. 15ALQCh. 3 - Prob. 16ALQCh. 3 - Compare and contrast the bonding found in the...Ch. 3 - Describe the type of bonding that exists in the...Ch. 3 - Some of the important properties of ionic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21QCh. 3 - Distinguish between the following terms. a....Ch. 3 - What is the electronegativity trend? Where does...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24QCh. 3 - In general the higher the charge on the ions in an...Ch. 3 - Combustion reactions of fossil fuels provide most...Ch. 3 - Which of the following statements is/are true?...Ch. 3 - Three resonance structures can be drawn for CO2...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29QCh. 3 - Prob. 30QCh. 3 - Without using Fig. 3-4, predict the order of...Ch. 3 - Without using Fig. 3-4, predict the order of...Ch. 3 - Without using Fig. 3-4, predict which bond in each...Ch. 3 - Without using Fig. 3-4, predict which bond in each...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35ECh. 3 - Prob. 36ECh. 3 - Which of the following incorrectly shows the bond...Ch. 3 - Indicate the bond polarity (show the partial...Ch. 3 - Predict the type of bond (ionic, covalent, or...Ch. 3 - List all the possible bonds that can occur between...Ch. 3 - Hydrogen has an electronegativity value between...Ch. 3 - Rank the following bonds in order of increasing...Ch. 3 - Would you expect each of the following atoms to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 44ECh. 3 - Prob. 45ECh. 3 - Prob. 46ECh. 3 - Predict the empirical formulas of the ionic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 48ECh. 3 - Write electron configurations for a. the cations...Ch. 3 - Write electron configurations for a. the cations...Ch. 3 - Which of the following ions have noble gas...Ch. 3 - What noble gas has the same electron configuration...Ch. 3 - Give the formula of a negative ion that would have...Ch. 3 - Prob. 54ECh. 3 - Give three ions that are isoelectronic with neon....Ch. 3 - Consider the ions Sc3+, Cl, K+, Ca2+, and S2....Ch. 3 - Prob. 57ECh. 3 - Prob. 58ECh. 3 - Which compound in each of the following pairs of...Ch. 3 - Which compound in each of the following pairs of...Ch. 3 - Use the following data for potassium chloride to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 62ECh. 3 - Consider the following energy changes: E(kJ/mol)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 64ECh. 3 - Consider the following:...Ch. 3 - Prob. 66ECh. 3 - Rationalize the following lattice energy values:...Ch. 3 - The lattice energies of FeCl3, FeCl2, and Fe2O3...Ch. 3 - Prob. 69ECh. 3 - Prob. 70ECh. 3 - Prob. 71ECh. 3 - Acetic acid is responsible for the sour taste of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 73ECh. 3 - The major industrial source of hydrogen gas is by...Ch. 3 - Prob. 75ECh. 3 - Prob. 76ECh. 3 - Prob. 77ECh. 3 - Prob. 78ECh. 3 - Write Lewis structures that obey the octet rule...Ch. 3 - Write Lewis structures that obey the octet rule...Ch. 3 - Write Lewis structures that obey the octet rule...Ch. 3 - Write Lewis structures that obey the octet rule...Ch. 3 - Prob. 83ECh. 3 - Lewis structures can be used to understand why...Ch. 3 - The most common exceptions to the octet rule are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 86ECh. 3 - Write Lewis structures for the following. Show all...Ch. 3 - Prob. 88ECh. 3 - Benzene (C6H6) consists of a six-membered ring of...Ch. 3 - Borazine (B3N3H6) has often been called inorganic...Ch. 3 - An important observation supporting the concept of...Ch. 3 - Consider the following bond lengths: CO143pmC9O123...Ch. 3 - A toxic cloud covered Bhopal, India, in December...Ch. 3 - Peroxyacetyl nitrate, or PAN, is present in...Ch. 3 - Order the following species with respect to...Ch. 3 - Place the species below in order of the shortest...Ch. 3 - Prob. 97ECh. 3 - Prob. 98ECh. 3 - Write Lewis structures that obey the octet rule...Ch. 3 - Write Lewis structures for the species in Exercise...Ch. 3 - A common trait of simple organic compounds is to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 102ECh. 3 - Oxidation of the cyanide ion produces the stable...Ch. 3 - Prob. 104ECh. 3 - Name the compounds in parts ad and write the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 106ECh. 3 - Prob. 107ECh. 3 - Prob. 108ECh. 3 - Prob. 109ECh. 3 - Prob. 110ECh. 3 - Prob. 111ECh. 3 - Prob. 112ECh. 3 - Prob. 113ECh. 3 - Prob. 114ECh. 3 - Prob. 115ECh. 3 - Prob. 116ECh. 3 - Prob. 117ECh. 3 - Write the formula for each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 119ECh. 3 - Write the formula for each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 121ECh. 3 - Prob. 122ECh. 3 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 3 - For each of the following, write an equation that...Ch. 3 - Prob. 125AECh. 3 - Write Lewis structures for CO32, HCO3, and H2CO3....Ch. 3 - Which member of the following pairs would you...Ch. 3 - What do each of the following sets of...Ch. 3 - Although both Br3 and I3 ions are known, the F3...Ch. 3 - Prob. 130AECh. 3 - Prob. 131AECh. 3 - Identify each of the following elements: a. a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 133AECh. 3 - Prob. 134AECh. 3 - When molten sulfur reacts with chlorine gas, a...Ch. 3 - The study of carbon-containing compounds and their...Ch. 3 - Prob. 137CWPCh. 3 - Prob. 138CWPCh. 3 - Complete the following table to predict whether...Ch. 3 - Prob. 140CWPCh. 3 - Prob. 141CWPCh. 3 - List the bonds PCl, PF, OF, and SiF from least...Ch. 3 - Arrange the atoms and/or ions in the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 144CWPCh. 3 - Prob. 145CWPCh. 3 - Which of the following compounds or ions exhibit...Ch. 3 - Prob. 147CPCh. 3 - Prob. 148CPCh. 3 - Given the following information: Energy of...Ch. 3 - Think of forming an ionic compound as three steps...Ch. 3 - Use data in this chapter (and Chapter 2) to...Ch. 3 - Three processes that have been used for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 153CPCh. 3 - Prob. 154CPCh. 3 - Draw a Lewis structure for the N,...Ch. 3 - Cholesterol (C27H46O) has the following structure:...Ch. 3 - Consider the following computer-generated model of...Ch. 3 - For each of the following ions, indicate the total...Ch. 3 - Prob. 159IPCh. 3 - A polyatomic ion is composed of C, N, and an...
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