Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
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Chapter 3, Problem 114E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of HC2H3O2

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of HC2H3O2 is acetic acid.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Monatomic anions are named with the ending -ide.
  • Roman numerals are used to show the oxidation state because some elements exhibit more than one oxidation state.
  • When oxygen is not present in anion, then acids is named by using “hydro-” in prefix.
  • If the name of anions ends in “ate-” then acid name ends in –ic or –ric
  • If the name of anion ends in “-ite”, then the name of acid ends in –ous.

In the acidic compound HC2H3O2 the cation is hydrogen (H+) and anion is acetate (C2H3O2)

Hence, the name of given compound is acetic acid.

Conclusion

While naming an covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of NH4NO2

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of NH4NO2 is ammonium nitrite.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Monatomic anions are named with the ending -ide.
  • Roman numerals are used to show the oxidation state because some elements exhibit more than one oxidation state.
  • When oxygen is not present in anion, then acids is named by using “hydro-” in prefix.
  • If the name of anions ends in “ate-” then acid name ends in –ic or –ric
  • If the name of anion ends in “-ite”, then the name of acid ends in –ous.

In the acidic compound NH4NO2 the cation is ammonium (NH4+) and anion is nitrite (NO2)

Hence, the name of given compound is ammonium nitrite.

Conclusion

While naming a covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of Co2S3

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of Co2S3 is cobalt(III) sulfide.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Monatomic anions are named with the ending -ide.
  • In the binary II compoundroman numerals are used to show the oxidation state because some elements exhibit more than one oxidation state.
  • When oxygen is not present in anion, then acids is named by using “hydro-” in prefix.
  • If the name of anions ends in “ate-” then acid name ends in –ic or –ric
  • If the name of anion ends in “-ite”, then the name of acid ends in –ous.

In the binary II compound Co2S3 the cation is cobalt (Co3+) having oxidation state +3 and anion is sulfur (S2)

Hence, the name of given compound is cobalt (III) sulfide

Conclusion

While naming a covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of ICl

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of ICl is iodine monochloride.

Explanation of Solution

In naming of covalent compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. The anions are named with the ending -ide.

The compound ICl is a molecular compound. While naming a molecular compound, the number of respective atoms present is denoted by using prefixes like mono, di tri.

Hence, the name of ICl compound is iodine monochloride.

Conclusion

While naming covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of Pb3(PO4)3

(e)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of Pb3(PO4)3 is lead(II) phosphate.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Monatomic anions are named with the ending -ide.
  • In the binary II compoundroman numerals are used to show the oxidation state because some elements exhibit more than one oxidation state.
  • When oxygen is not present in anion, then acids is named by using “hydro-” in prefix.
  • If the name of anions ends in “ate-” then acid name ends in –ic or –ric
  • If the name of anion ends in “-ite”, then the name of acid ends in –ous.

In the binary II compound Pb3(PO4)3 the cation is lead (Pb3+) having oxidation state +2 and anion is phosphate (PO43)

Hence, the name of given compound is lead (II) phosphate.

Conclusion

While naming a covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of KClO3

(f)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of KClO3 is potassium chlorate.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Polyatomic anions are named with the ending -ate.

In the binary compound KClO3 the cation is potassium (K+) anion is chlorate (ClO3)

Hence, the name of given compound is potassium chlorate.

Conclusion

While naming a covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of H2SO4

(g)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of H2SO4 is sulfuric acid.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Monatomic anions are named with the ending -ide.
  • In the binary II compoundroman numerals are used to show the oxidation state because some elements exhibit more than one oxidation state.
  • When oxygen is not present in anion, then acids is named by using “hydro-” in prefix.
  • If the name of anions ends in “ate-” then acid name ends in –ic or –ric
  • If the name of anion ends in “-ite”, then the name of acid ends in –ous.

In the binary acidic compound H2SO4 the cation is hydrogen (H+) and anion is sulphate (SO42)

Hence, the name of given compound is sulfuric acid.

Conclusion

While naming covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of Sr3N2

(h)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of Sr3N2 is strontium nitride.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Monoatomic anions are named with the ending -ide.

In the binary compound Sr3N2 the cation is strontium (Sr2+) anion is nitrogen (N3)

Hence, the name of given compound is strontium nitride.

Conclusion

While naming covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of Al2(SO3)3

(i)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of Al2(SO3)3 is aluminium sulfite.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Polyatomic anions are named with the ending -ite.

In the binary compound Al2(SO3)3 the cation is alumunium (Al3+) anion is sulfite (SO32)

Hence, the name of given compound is aluminium sulfite.

Conclusion

While naming a covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of SnO2

(j)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of SnO2 is tin (IV) oxide.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Monatomic anions are named with the ending -ide.
  • In the binary II compound roman numerals are used to show the oxidation state because some elements exhibit more than one oxidation state.

In the binary II compound SnO2 the cation is tin (Sn+) having oxidation state +4 and anion is oxygen (O2)

Hence, the name of given compound is tin (IV) oxide.

Conclusion

While naming covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of Na2CrO4

(k)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of Na2CrO4 is sodium chromate.

Explanation of Solution

In naming of covalent compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. When there are only two members in the same series, then the anion with the least number of oxygens ends in -ite, and the anion with the most ends in -ate.

Here sodium ion (Na+) is cation and chromate ion (CrO42-) is anion.

Hence the name of Na2CrO4 is sodium chromate.

Conclusion

While naming covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

(l)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The naming of the compounds is to be given.

Concept introduction: While naming covalent compound, the name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion. Generally, the cation present is a metal or a polyatomic cation, whereas the anion is a non-metal.

To determine: The  naming of HClO

(l)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 114E

The naming of HClO is hypochlorous acid.

Explanation of Solution

Rules for naming binary compound:

  • In naming of binary compound, the name of cation comes first which is the name of element. Anion is named second which is also the name of element. Polyatomic anions are named with the ending -ate.
  • If the name of anions ends in “ate-” then acid name ends in –ic or –ric
  • If the name of anion ends in “-ite”, then the name of acid ends in –ous.
  • If more than two oxyanion is present in compound then “hypo-” (less than) and “per-” (more than) is used in prefix.

Hence, the name of given compound is hypochlorous acid.

Conclusion

While naming covalent compound, cation is always named first and anion second. The anion is named by adding “ide” in suffix.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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Show all...Ch. 3 - Prob. 88ECh. 3 - Benzene (C6H6) consists of a six-membered ring of...Ch. 3 - Borazine (B3N3H6) has often been called inorganic...Ch. 3 - An important observation supporting the concept of...Ch. 3 - Consider the following bond lengths: CO143pmC9O123...Ch. 3 - A toxic cloud covered Bhopal, India, in December...Ch. 3 - Peroxyacetyl nitrate, or PAN, is present in...Ch. 3 - Order the following species with respect to...Ch. 3 - Place the species below in order of the shortest...Ch. 3 - Prob. 97ECh. 3 - Prob. 98ECh. 3 - Write Lewis structures that obey the octet rule...Ch. 3 - Write Lewis structures for the species in Exercise...Ch. 3 - A common trait of simple organic compounds is to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 102ECh. 3 - Oxidation of the cyanide ion produces the stable...Ch. 3 - Prob. 104ECh. 3 - Name the compounds in parts ad and write the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 106ECh. 3 - Prob. 107ECh. 3 - Prob. 108ECh. 3 - Prob. 109ECh. 3 - Prob. 110ECh. 3 - Prob. 111ECh. 3 - Prob. 112ECh. 3 - Prob. 113ECh. 3 - Prob. 114ECh. 3 - Prob. 115ECh. 3 - Prob. 116ECh. 3 - Prob. 117ECh. 3 - Write the formula for each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 119ECh. 3 - Write the formula for each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 121ECh. 3 - Prob. 122ECh. 3 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 3 - For each of the following, write an equation that...Ch. 3 - Prob. 125AECh. 3 - Write Lewis structures for CO32, HCO3, and H2CO3....Ch. 3 - Which member of the following pairs would you...Ch. 3 - What do each of the following sets of...Ch. 3 - Although both Br3 and I3 ions are known, the F3...Ch. 3 - Prob. 130AECh. 3 - Prob. 131AECh. 3 - Identify each of the following elements: a. a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 133AECh. 3 - Prob. 134AECh. 3 - When molten sulfur reacts with chlorine gas, a...Ch. 3 - The study of carbon-containing compounds and their...Ch. 3 - Prob. 137CWPCh. 3 - Prob. 138CWPCh. 3 - Complete the following table to predict whether...Ch. 3 - Prob. 140CWPCh. 3 - Prob. 141CWPCh. 3 - List the bonds PCl, PF, OF, and SiF from least...Ch. 3 - Arrange the atoms and/or ions in the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 144CWPCh. 3 - Prob. 145CWPCh. 3 - Which of the following compounds or ions exhibit...Ch. 3 - Prob. 147CPCh. 3 - Prob. 148CPCh. 3 - Given the following information: Energy of...Ch. 3 - Think of forming an ionic compound as three steps...Ch. 3 - Use data in this chapter (and Chapter 2) to...Ch. 3 - Three processes that have been used for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 153CPCh. 3 - Prob. 154CPCh. 3 - Draw a Lewis structure for the N,...Ch. 3 - Cholesterol (C27H46O) has the following structure:...Ch. 3 - Consider the following computer-generated model of...Ch. 3 - For each of the following ions, indicate the total...Ch. 3 - Prob. 159IPCh. 3 - A polyatomic ion is composed of C, N, and an...
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