Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 3A
Why isn’t the
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Why isn’t the Gram stain used on acid-fast bacteria? If you did Gram stain acid-fast bacteria, what would their Gram reaction be? What is the Gram reaction of non-acid fast bacteria?
Why is it important to perform a gram stain for any type of bacteria? After performing the gram stain method what would be the next step? (Think in terms of the real-world situation) Explain.
When performing a Gram stain on a Gram-negative bacteria, why does the bacteria stain pink?
Crystal violet stain binds to iodine and remains in the bacterial cell wall because of the thick peptidoglycan layer.
Safranin counterstain gets in the bacteria’s cell wall to stain the cell pink.
The alcohol wash removes crystal violet and iodine from the bacteria.
Crystal violet stain binds to iodine and remains in the bacteria cell wall because of the thick peptidoglycan layer AND Safranin counterstain gets in the bacteria’s cell wall to stain the cell pink.
Safranin counterstain gets in the bacteria’s cell wall to stain the cell pink AND The alcohol wash removes crystal violet and iodine from the bacteria.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 3 - Fill in the following blanks. 1. 1 m = ________ m...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2RCh. 3 - Prob. 3RCh. 3 - Prob. 4RCh. 3 - Prob. 5RCh. 3 - Why is a mordant used in the Gram stain? In the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7RCh. 3 - Prob. 8RCh. 3 - Fill in the following table regarding the Gram...Ch. 3 - NAME IT A sputum sample from Calle, a 30-year-old...
Ch. 3 - Through the microscope, the green structures are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 3 - Carbolfuchsin can be used as a simple stain and a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 3 - Which of the following is not a functionally...Ch. 3 - Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 1....Ch. 3 - Assume you stain Clostridium by applying a basic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 3 - In 1996, scientists described a new tapeworm...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 3 - Prob. 1ACh. 3 - Prob. 2ACh. 3 - Why isnt the Gram stain used on acid-fast...Ch. 3 - Endospores can be seen as refractile structures in...Ch. 3 - In 1882, German bacteriologist Paul Erhlich...Ch. 3 - Laboratory diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae...Ch. 3 - Assume that you are viewing a Gram-stained sample...
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- Methylene blue can be prepared as a basic stain or an acidic stain. How would the pH of the stain affect the staining of bacteria? Can dyes other than methylene blue be used for direct staining? Briefly explain.arrow_forwardWhat is acid fast staining and why do we use gram staining more?arrow_forwardIn lab, we used the Gram stain to differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Some bacteria stain purple (retaining the crystal violet) while others stain pink (from the counter-stain safranin). a) What is the biological molecule that is present in these bacteria that produces different results between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (be specific!) AND b) What is the difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that creates the different staining patterns (purple vs. pink)? (2-3 sentences max)arrow_forward
- What is the function of the mordant used in the Gram staining procedure? If the iodine step is skipped, what color are Gram-negative cells observedarrow_forwardBoth crystal violet and safranin are basic stains and may be used to do simple stains on Gram positive and negative cells. This being the case, explain how they end up staining Gram positive and gram negative cells differently.arrow_forwardBacillus subtilis (Gram-positive) and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (Gram-negative) bacteria are heat-fixed on slide and subjected to Gram staining. What do you observe under the microscope when the following steps are skipped? Please explain.a. Staining with safraninb. Staining with Gram iodinec. Decolorizationarrow_forward
- What step normally associated with staining bacterial cells is omitted when the dimensions of cells are determined? Why?arrow_forwardWhat staining technique is used here? What is the primary stain, decolorizing agent, and counter stain of this technique? Do we heat fix in here? Describe the organism with the blue color. Describe the organism with the bright pink color. Name the genus of bacteria with bright pink.arrow_forwardWhat is gram staining and its purpose? Why is it only applicable in bacteria?arrow_forward
- What is the purpose of iodine in the gram staining process? Explain.arrow_forwardFor each of the following stains, list each of the chemicals used (in order), briefly describe what you would observe under the microscope, and list examples for each. - Gram stain (list color and example for Gram + and Gram -) - Acid Fast (list color and example for Acid Fast + and -) - Negative Stain (list color of organism stained with negative stain) - Capsule Stain (list color and example of organism with capsule) - Spore stain (list color and example of spore and cell)arrow_forwardWhich step is the most crucial or most likely to cause poor results in the Gram stain?arrow_forward
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