A First Course in Probability
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321794772
Author: Sheldon Ross
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 3.72P
A town council of 7 members contains a steering committee of size 3. New ideas for legislation go first to the steering committee and then on to the council as a whole if at least 2 of the 3 committee members approve the legislation. Once at the full council, the legislation requires a majority vote (of at least 4) to pass Consider a new piece of legislation, and suppose that each town council member will approve it, independently, with
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
2) Suppose we select two values x and y independently from the uniform distribution on
[0,1]. What is the probability that xy
100 identical balls are rolling along a straight line. They all have speed equal to v, but some of them might move in opposite directions. When two of them collide they immediately switch their direction and keep the speed v. What is the maximum number of collisions that can happen?
Let f(w) be a function of vector w Є RN, i.e. f(w) = 1+e Determine the first derivative and matrix of second derivatives off with respect to w.
Let A Є RN*N be a symmetric, positive definite matrix and bЄ RN a vector. If x ER, evaluate the integral Z(A,b) = e¯xAx+bx dx as a function of A and b.
John throws a fair die with faces labelled 1 to 6. ⚫ He gains 10 points if the die shows 1. ⚫ He gains 1 point if the die shows 2 or 4. • No points are allocated otherwise. Let X be the random variable describing John's gain at each throw. Determine the variance of X.
Female
Male
Totals
Less than High School
Diploma
0.077
0.110
0.187
High School Diploma
0.154
0.201
0.355
Some College/University
0.141
0.129
0.270
College/University Graduate
0.092
0.096
0.188
Totals
0.464
0.536
1.000
Chapter 3 Solutions
A First Course in Probability
Ch. 3 - Two fair dice are rolled. What is the conditional...Ch. 3 - If two fair dice are rolled, what is the...Ch. 3 - Use Equation (2.1) to compute in a hand of bridge...Ch. 3 - What is the probability that at least one of a...Ch. 3 - An urn contains 6 white and 9 black balls. If 4...Ch. 3 - Consider an urn containing 12 balls, of which 8...Ch. 3 - The king comes from a family of 2 children. What...Ch. 3 - A couple has 2 children. What is the probability...Ch. 3 - Consider 3 urns. Urn A contains 2 white and 4 red...Ch. 3 - Three cards are randomly selected, without...
Ch. 3 - Two cards are randomly chosen without replacement...Ch. 3 - A recent college graduate is planning to take the...Ch. 3 - Suppose that an ordinary deck of 52 cards (which...Ch. 3 - An urn initially contains 5 white and 7 black...Ch. 3 - An ectopic pregnancy is twice as likely to develop...Ch. 3 - Ninety-eight percent of all babies survive...Ch. 3 - In a certain community, 36 percent of the families...Ch. 3 - A total of 46 percent of the voters in a certain...Ch. 3 - A total of 4.8 percent of the women and 37 percent...Ch. 3 - Fifty-two percent of the students at a certain...Ch. 3 - A total of 500 married working couples were polled...Ch. 3 - A red die, a blue die, and a yellow die (all six...Ch. 3 - Urn I contains 2 white and 4 red balls, whereas...Ch. 3 - Each of 2 balls is painted either black or gold...Ch. 3 - The following method was proposed to estimate the...Ch. 3 - Suppose that 5 percent of men and 0.25 percent of...Ch. 3 - All the workers at a certain company drive to work...Ch. 3 - Suppose that an ordinary deck of 52 cards is...Ch. 3 - There are 15 tennis balls in a box, of which 9...Ch. 3 - Consider two boxes, one containing 1 black and 1...Ch. 3 - Ms. Aquina has just had a biopsy on a possibly...Ch. 3 - A family has j children with probability pj, where...Ch. 3 - On rainy days, Joe is late to work with...Ch. 3 - In Example 31, suppose that the new evidence is...Ch. 3 - With probability .6, the present was hidden by...Ch. 3 - Stores A, B, and C have 50, 75, and 100 employees,...Ch. 3 - a. A gambler has a fair coin and a two-headed coin...Ch. 3 - Urn A has 5 white and 7 black balls. Urn B has 3...Ch. 3 - In Example 3a, what is the probability that...Ch. 3 - Consider a sample of size 3 drawn in the following...Ch. 3 - A deck of cards is shuffled and then divided into...Ch. 3 - Twelve percent of all U.S. households are In...Ch. 3 - There are 3 coins in a box. One is a two-headed...Ch. 3 - Three prisoners are informed by their jailer that...Ch. 3 - Suppose we have 10 coins such that if the ith coin...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.46PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.47PCh. 3 - Each of 2 cabinets identical n appearance has 2...Ch. 3 - Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer...Ch. 3 - Suppose that an insurance company classifies...Ch. 3 - A worker has asked her supervisor for a letter of...Ch. 3 - A high school student is anxiously waiting to...Ch. 3 - A parallel system functions whenever at least one...Ch. 3 - If you had to construct a mathematical model for...Ch. 3 - In a class, there are 4 first-year boys, 6...Ch. 3 - Suppose that you continually collect coupons and...Ch. 3 - A simplified model for the movement of the price...Ch. 3 - Suppose that we want to generate the outcome of...Ch. 3 - Independent flips of a coin that lands on heads...Ch. 3 - The color of a persons eyes is determined by a...Ch. 3 - Genes relating to albinism are denoted by A and a....Ch. 3 - Barbara and Dianne go target shooting Suppose that...Ch. 3 - A and B are involved in a duel. The rules of the...Ch. 3 - A true - false question is to be posed to a...Ch. 3 - Assume, as in Example 3h, that 64 percent of twins...Ch. 3 - The probability of the closing of the ith relay in...Ch. 3 - An engineering system consisting of n components...Ch. 3 - In Problem 3.70a, find the conditional probability...Ch. 3 - A certain organism possesses a pair of each of 5...Ch. 3 - There is a 50—50 chance that the queen carries...Ch. 3 - On the morning of September 30, 1982, the...Ch. 3 - A town council of 7 members contains a steering...Ch. 3 - Suppose that each child born to a couple is...Ch. 3 - A and B alternate rolling a pair of dice, stopping...Ch. 3 - In a certain village, it is traditional for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.76PCh. 3 - Consider an unending sequence of independent...Ch. 3 - A and B play a series of games. Each game is...Ch. 3 - In successive rolls of a pair of fair dice, what...Ch. 3 - In a certain contest, the players are of equal...Ch. 3 - An investor owns shares in a stock whose present...Ch. 3 - A and B flip coins. A starts and continues...Ch. 3 - Die A has 4 red and 2 white faces, whereas die B...Ch. 3 - An urn contains 12 balls, of which 4 are white....Ch. 3 - Repeat Problem 3.87 when each of the 3 players...Ch. 3 - Let S={1,2,...,n} and suppose that A and B are,...Ch. 3 - Consider Example 2a, but now suppose that when the...Ch. 3 - In Example 5, what is the conditional probability...Ch. 3 - In Laplace s rule of succession (Example 5e ), are...Ch. 3 - A person tried by a 3-judge panel is declared...Ch. 3 - Suppose that n independent trials, each of which...Ch. 3 - Show that if P(A)0, then P(ABA)P(ABAB)Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2TECh. 3 - Consider a school community of m families, with ni...Ch. 3 - A ball is in any one of n boxes and is in the ith...Ch. 3 - a. Prove that if E and F are mutually exclusive,...Ch. 3 - Prove that if E1,E2,...,En are independent events,...Ch. 3 - a. An urn contains n white and m black balls. The...Ch. 3 - Let A, B, and C, be events relating to the...Ch. 3 - Consider two independent tosses of a fair coin....Ch. 3 - Two percent of women age 45 who participate in...Ch. 3 - In each of n independent tosses of a coin, the...Ch. 3 - Show that 0ai1,i=1,2,..., then...Ch. 3 - The probability of getting a head on a single toss...Ch. 3 - Suppose that you are gambling against an...Ch. 3 - Independent trials that result in a success with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.16TECh. 3 - Prob. 3.17TECh. 3 - Let Q. denote the probability that no run of 3...Ch. 3 - Consider the gamblers ruin problem, with the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.20TECh. 3 - The Ballot Problem. In an election, candidate A...Ch. 3 - As a simplified model for weather forecasting,...Ch. 3 - A bag contains a white and b black balls. Balls...Ch. 3 - A round-robin tournament of n contestants is a...Ch. 3 - Prove directly thatP(EF)=P(EFG)P(GF)+P(EFGC)P(GCF)Ch. 3 - Prove the equivalence of Equations (5.11) and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27TECh. 3 - Prove or give a counterexample, if E1 and E2 are...Ch. 3 - In Laplaces rule of succession (Example 5e ), show...Ch. 3 - In Laplaces rule of succession (Example 5e),...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.31TECh. 3 - In a game of bridge, West has no aces What is the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2STPECh. 3 - How can 20 balls, 10 white and 10 black, be put...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.4STPECh. 3 - An urn has r red and w white balls that are...Ch. 3 - An urn contains b black balls and r red balls. One...Ch. 3 - A friend randomly chooses two cards, without...Ch. 3 - Show that P(HE)P(GE)=P(H)P(G)P(EH)P(EG). Suppose...Ch. 3 - You ask your neighbor to water a sickly plant...Ch. 3 - Six balls are to be randomly chosen from an urn...Ch. 3 - A type C battery is in working condition with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.12STPECh. 3 - Balls are randomly removed from an urn that...Ch. 3 - A coin having probability .8 of landing on heads...Ch. 3 - In a certain species of rats, black dominates over...Ch. 3 - a. In Problem 3.70b, find the probability that a...Ch. 3 - For the k-out-of-n system described in Problem...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.18STPECh. 3 - Prob. 3.19STPECh. 3 - Suppose that there are n possible outcomes of a...Ch. 3 - If A flips vand B flips n fair coins, show that...Ch. 3 - Prove or give counterexamples to the following...Ch. 3 - Let A and B be events having positive probability....Ch. 3 - Rank the following from most likely to least...Ch. 3 - Two local factories, A and B, produce radios. Each...Ch. 3 - Show that if P(AB)=1, then P(BCAC)=1Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27STPECh. 3 - A total of 2n cards, of which 2 are aces, are to...Ch. 3 - There are n distinct types of coupons, and each...Ch. 3 - Show that for any events E and F,P(EEF)P(EF) Hint:...Ch. 3 - There is a 60 percent chance that event A will...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, probability and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Female Male Totals Less than High School Diploma 0.077 0.110 0.187 High School Diploma 0.154 0.201 0.355 Some College/University 0.141 0.129 0.270 College/University Graduate 0.092 0.096 0.188 Totals 0.464 0.536 1.000arrow_forwardFemale Male Totals Less than High School Diploma 0.077 0.110 0.187 High School Diploma 0.154 0.201 0.355 Some College/University 0.141 0.129 0.270 College/University Graduate 0.092 0.096 0.188 Totals 0.464 0.536 1.000arrow_forwardFemale Male Totals Less than High School Diploma 0.077 0.110 0.187 High School Diploma 0.154 0.201 0.355 Some College/University 0.141 0.129 0.270 College/University Graduate 0.092 0.096 0.188 Totals 0.464 0.536 1.000arrow_forward
- 6.54 Let Y₁, Y2,..., Y, be independent Poisson random variables with means 1, 2,..., An respectively. Find the a probability function of Y. b conditional probability function of Y₁, given that Y = m. Y₁ = m. c conditional probability function of Y₁+Y2, given that 6.55 Customers arrive at a department store checkout counter according to a Poisson distribution with a mean of 7 per hour. In a given two-hour period, what is the probability that 20 or more customers will arrive at the counter? 6.56 The length of time necessary to tune up a car is exponentially distributed with a mean of .5 hour. If two cars are waiting for a tune-up and the service times are independent, what is the probability that the total time for the two tune-ups will exceed 1.5 hours? [Hint: Recall the result of Example 6.12.] 6.57 Let Y, Y2,..., Y,, be independent random variables such that each Y, has a gamma distribution with parameters a, and B. That is, the distributions of the Y's might have different a's, but…arrow_forward6.82 6.83 6.84 6.85 *6.86 6.87 If Y is a continuous random variable and m is the median of the distribution, then m is such that P(Ym) = P(Y ≥ m) = 1/2. If Y₁, Y2,..., Y, are independent, exponentially dis- tributed random variables with mean ẞ and median m, Example 6.17 implies that Y(n) = max(Y₁, Y., Y) does not have an exponential distribution. Use the general form of FY() (y) to show that P(Y(n) > m) = 1 - (.5)". Refer to Exercise 6.82. If Y₁, Y2,..., Y,, is a random sample from any continuous distribution with mean m, what is P(Y(n) > m)? Refer to Exercise 6.26. The Weibull density function is given by -my" m-le-y/a f(y)= α 0. y > 0, elsewhere, where a and m are positive constants. If a random sample of size n is taken from a Weibull distributed population, find the distribution function and density function for Y(1) = min(Y1, Y2,Y). Does Y(1) = have a Weibull distribution? Let Y₁ and Y2 be independent and uniformly distributed over the interval (0, 1). Find P(2Y(1) 0, elsewhere,…arrow_forward6.26 The Weibull density function is given by e-y/a f(y) = α 0. y > 0, elsewhere, where a and m are positive constants. This density function is often used as a model for the lengths of life of physical systems. Suppose Y has the Weibull density just given. Find a the density function of UY". b E(Y) for any positive integer k. 6.27 Let Y have an exponential distribution with mean ẞ. 6.28 6.29 a Prove that W = √Y has a Weibull density with α = ẞ and m = 2. b Use the result in Exercise 6.26(b) to give E(Yk/2) for any positive integer k. Let Y have a uniform (0, 1) distribution. Show that U = -2ln(Y) has an exponential distri- bution with mean 2. The speed of a molecule in a uniform gas at equilibrium is a random variable V whose density function is given by 6.30 6.31 6.32 f(v) = av²e-by², v > 0, where b = m/2kT and k, T, and m denote Boltzmann's constant, the absolute temperature, and the mass of the molecule, respectively. a Derive the distribution of W = mV2/2, the kinetic energy of…arrow_forward
- QIA Let F-4c24, countible or, A, countible), show that is o-algebra. B Let (Fne N) is family of a-algebra on 2, prove that F. o-algebra Q2: Prove that: 1. X, is martingale -esin 2. M, -e sin B,, is martingale by using Ito formula Q3: A Let X, has stochastic differential with drift p(x)=-bx + c, and diffusion o²(x)=4x, let Y√X,, where X, ≥0, find dr B: Let X, -(-s), Ito integral process, find dx, and [x.xko). Q4: Let Y, =[x,dB, is Ito integral, such that X, is nonrandom process, find: التوزيع 1. The distribution of Y 2. The moment generating function of Y,.arrow_forwardSolve the following Probability Problem (solve all parts) HW 2.x. (Headless Hunt)The Headless Hunt is an organization of 88 Hogwarts ghosts so elite thateven Nearly Headless Nick was annually denied admission for decades,despite being The Gryffindor ghost. The ghosts love playing sports anddecided to get together and have either a Head Polo tournament or aHorseback Head-Juggling tournament. However, even if they are ghosts,they still have jobs so some of them might have an urgent haunting as-signment. In order for no one to be left behind they need to be able tosplit into teams of equal numbers. Head polo teams consist of 4 playerswhereas Horseback Head-Juggling teams have 11 players. Assume thatany number of them from 1 to 88 show up with equal probability. a) What is the probability they will be able to play one of the twotournaments?b) If in addition to the previous 2 sports there was one more option, atournament in Headless bowling which is played in teams of 8 players,what would…arrow_forward42. Consider the following joint probability table. B₁ B2 B3 B4 A 0.09 0.22 0.15 0.20 A 0.03 0.10 0.09 0.12arrow_forward
- EXERCISES 4.3 Mechanics 41. Consider the following contingency table. B B A 26 34 Ac 14 26 a. Convert the contingency table into a joint probability table. b. What is the probability that A occurs? ن فة What is the probability that A and B occur? d. Given that B has occurred, what is the probability that A occurs? e. Given that A has occurred, what is the probability that B occurs? f. Are A and B mutually exclusive events? Explain. g. Are A and B independent events? Explain. 42. Consider the following joint probability table. B₁ B2 B3 BA A 0.09 0.22 0.15 0.20 Ac 0.03 0.10 0.09 0.12arrow_forwardCan u make a room for mearrow_forwardالتمرين الأول: 08) نقاط) نرمي رباعي وجوه مرقم من ا إلى 4 بحيث إحتمال وجوهه يحقق العلاقة التالية: - 24 = (3)P(1) = ) = 4P -1 أحسب احتمال كل وجه. -2 (١ أحسب احتمال الحادثة : الحصول على عدد زوجي). ب استنتج احتمال الحادثة ة. -3 أحسب احتمال الحادثة B الحصول على عدد د أكبر أو يساوي (2)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...AlgebraISBN:9780547587776Author:HOLT MCDOUGALPublisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
College AlgebraAlgebraISBN:9781305115545Author:James Stewart, Lothar Redlin, Saleem WatsonPublisher:Cengage Learning
Algebra and Trigonometry (MindTap Course List)AlgebraISBN:9781305071742Author:James Stewart, Lothar Redlin, Saleem WatsonPublisher:Cengage Learning
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...
Algebra
ISBN:9780547587776
Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
College Algebra
Algebra
ISBN:9781305115545
Author:James Stewart, Lothar Redlin, Saleem Watson
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Algebra and Trigonometry (MindTap Course List)
Algebra
ISBN:9781305071742
Author:James Stewart, Lothar Redlin, Saleem Watson
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Probability & Statistics (28 of 62) Basic Definitions and Symbols Summarized; Author: Michel van Biezen;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21V9WBJLAL8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Introduction to Probability, Basic Overview - Sample Space, & Tree Diagrams; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkidyDQuupA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY