The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted Concept Introduction: Formation of ions: Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS. Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation. Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion. Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol. The symbolic representation of ions: The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.46AP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

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The beta-lactamase hydrolyzes the lactam-ring in penicillin. Describe the mechanism of hydrolysis, insuring to include the involvement of S, D, & K in the reaction sequence. Please help

To map the active site of beta-lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Why doesn't D in this hexapeptide not participate in the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring even though S, K, and D are involved in the catalyst?

To map the active site of -lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Using the experimental results described above derive the primary sequence of the active site hexapeptide. Please help!

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.46AP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.46AP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.46AP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

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Answer 5

Chapter 3, Problem 3.46AP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 6

Chapter 3, Problem 3.46AP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 7

Chapter 3, Problem 3.46AP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 8

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 9

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 10

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 11

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 12

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 13

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation of formation of given ion to be predicted

Concept Introduction:

Formation of ions:

Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.

Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.

Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.

Electron dot symbol: Valence electrons are represented by dots placed around the atom symbol.

The symbolic representation of ions:

The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 3.1 - Magnesium atoms lose two electrons when they...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.2P Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.3KCP Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.4P Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.5P Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.6KCP Ch. 3.3 - Iron is an important component of hemoglobin, a...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 3.8P Ch. 3.3 - Blood serum in healthy adults normally contains...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the equation of formation of an ion to be predicted. Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral.

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Chapter 3 Solutions