The overall effect of caffeine on a signal which is mediated by cAMP should be determined. Concept Introduction: Stimulants: These are a group of drugs with many potential therapeutic uses, but also widely used and abused recreationally. Stimulants improve mood, enhance alertness and relieve depression. Caffeine, Nicotine, Cocaine, Ecstasy … are some examples for stimulants. cAMP is a cyclic nucleotide and it is a second messenger which is synthesized from ATP by the action of the enzyme adenylyl cyclase. Chemically cAMP is a 3’,5’- adenosine monophosphate. Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of reaction by lowering the energy of activation and so they are known as “biological catalysts” Secondary messengers are short lived intracellular signaling molecules. Elevated concentration of these type of messengers leads to rapid alteration in the activity of one or more cellular enzymes. Phosphodiesterase is an enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond. This enzyme plays a key role in regulating intracellular levels of the second messenger cAMP and hence cell function.

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Chapter 28, Problem 28.95GP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The overall effect of caffeine on a signal which is mediated by cAMP should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Stimulants: These are a group of drugs with many potential therapeutic uses, but also widely used and abused recreationally. Stimulants improve mood, enhance alertness and relieve depression.

Caffeine, Nicotine, Cocaine, Ecstasy … are some examples for stimulants.

cAMP is a cyclic nucleotide and it is a second messenger which is synthesized from ATP by the action of the enzyme adenylyl cyclase. Chemically cAMP is a 3’,5’- adenosine monophosphate.

Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of reaction by lowering the energy of activation and so they are known as “biological catalysts”

Secondary messengers are short lived intracellular signaling molecules. Elevated concentration of these type of messengers leads to rapid alteration in the activity of one or more cellular enzymes.

Phosphodiesterase is an enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond. This enzyme plays a key role in regulating intracellular levels of the second messenger cAMP and hence cell function.

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