Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 28, Problem 12TYK
Summary Introduction

To review:

The explanation related to evolutionary relationship between hornworts and vascular plants in terms of growth pattern shared by them.

Introduction:

The primary characters which are fundamental for the land plants are primarily evolved in the bryophyte grade, hence considered as a key to understand the early evolution of land plants. The presence of stomata were a sporophyte innovation with the ancestral functions of transpiration driven flow of water and solutes from the gametophyte. Stomata in hornworts, mosses and polysporangiophytesare considered as homologous, and these three lineages are collectively referred to as ‘stomatophytes’.

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Do mosses have an alternation of isomorphic or heteromorphic generations? That is, can you easily tell a moss gametophyte from a moss sporophyte? When we look at leafy green moss plants, what are we seeing—the gametophyte or the sporophyte? In a flowering plant species, would the equivalent stage be the plant or the pollen grains and megagametophytes?
Compare and contrast the three phyla of bryophytes using the specified bases in the Table below. Bases Hepatophyta Anthocerotophyta Bryophyta 1. Growth form (leafy or thallose)       2. Arrangement of leaves on the stem for leafy types       3. Mechanism of spore dispersal       4. Presence of stomata on the sporophytes       5. Presence of primitive conducting cells       6. Presence of chloroplast on the sporophyte       7. Structure of the protonema       8. Presence of symbiotic cyanobacteria       9. Length of the seta
The non-vascular plants are represented today by three phyla of small herbaceous plants namely: Phylum Hepatophyta, Phylum Anthocerophyta, and Phylum Bryophyta. Cite and explain how the structure fits function in bryophytes
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