(a) Interpretation: The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated. Concept Introduction: The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 26, Problem 26.9P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Acetic anhydride also gives electrophilic substitution reaction. The furan has C-2 and C-5 carbons which are activated for electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the carbonyl compounds which contains α−

hydrogen atom. The condensation reaction takes place between enolate ion and carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the presence of base.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

N-bromosuccinamide is a brominating agent. It gives electrophilic substitution and radical substitution reaction. In the presence of light radical substitution takes place and in presence of heat electrophilic substitution takes place. N-bromosuccinamide is a very good source of bromine radical.

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You are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products: xi 1. ☑ 2. H₂O хе i Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below. If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. There is no reagent that will make this synthesis work without complications. : ☐ S ☐

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For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C-C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 CI MgCl ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No MgBr ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No G टे

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 26, Problem 26.9P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Acetic anhydride also gives electrophilic substitution reaction. The furan has C-2 and C-5 carbons which are activated for electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the carbonyl compounds which contains α−

hydrogen atom. The condensation reaction takes place between enolate ion and carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the presence of base.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

N-bromosuccinamide is a brominating agent. It gives electrophilic substitution and radical substitution reaction. In the presence of light radical substitution takes place and in presence of heat electrophilic substitution takes place. N-bromosuccinamide is a very good source of bromine radical.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 26, Problem 26.9P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Acetic anhydride also gives electrophilic substitution reaction. The furan has C-2 and C-5 carbons which are activated for electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the carbonyl compounds which contains α−

hydrogen atom. The condensation reaction takes place between enolate ion and carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the presence of base.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

N-bromosuccinamide is a brominating agent. It gives electrophilic substitution and radical substitution reaction. In the presence of light radical substitution takes place and in presence of heat electrophilic substitution takes place. N-bromosuccinamide is a very good source of bromine radical.

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See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 26, Problem 26.9P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Acetic anhydride also gives electrophilic substitution reaction. The furan has C-2 and C-5 carbons which are activated for electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the carbonyl compounds which contains α−

hydrogen atom. The condensation reaction takes place between enolate ion and carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the presence of base.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

N-bromosuccinamide is a brominating agent. It gives electrophilic substitution and radical substitution reaction. In the presence of light radical substitution takes place and in presence of heat electrophilic substitution takes place. N-bromosuccinamide is a very good source of bromine radical.

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See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 26, Problem 26.9P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Acetic anhydride also gives electrophilic substitution reaction. The furan has C-2 and C-5 carbons which are activated for electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the carbonyl compounds which contains α−

hydrogen atom. The condensation reaction takes place between enolate ion and carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the presence of base.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

N-bromosuccinamide is a brominating agent. It gives electrophilic substitution and radical substitution reaction. In the presence of light radical substitution takes place and in presence of heat electrophilic substitution takes place. N-bromosuccinamide is a very good source of bromine radical.

Answer 6

Chapter 26, Problem 26.9P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

Answer 7

Chapter 26, Problem 26.9P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Nitration reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction nitronium ion acts as the electrophile. Nitronium ion is a very strong electrophile.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Acetic anhydride also gives electrophilic substitution reaction. The furan has C-2 and C-5 carbons which are activated for electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction in which an atom of aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Acetic anhydride also gives electrophilic substitution reaction. The furan has C-2 and C-5 carbons which are activated for electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the carbonyl compounds which contains α−

hydrogen atom. The condensation reaction takes place between enolate ion and carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the presence of base.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the carbonyl compounds which contains α−

hydrogen atom. The condensation reaction takes place between enolate ion and carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Aldol condensation reaction takes place in the presence of base.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

N-bromosuccinamide is a brominating agent. It gives electrophilic substitution and radical substitution reaction. In the presence of light radical substitution takes place and in presence of heat electrophilic substitution takes place. N-bromosuccinamide is a very good source of bromine radical.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given reaction is to be completed and product formed is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

N-bromosuccinamide is a brominating agent. It gives electrophilic substitution and radical substitution reaction. In the presence of light radical substitution takes place and in presence of heat electrophilic substitution takes place. N-bromosuccinamide is a very good source of bromine radical.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.1P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.2P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.3P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.4P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.5P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.6P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.7P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.8P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.9P Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, nitration reaction and acetic anhydride.

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Chapter 26 Solutions