Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 25.2, Problem 2SB
Summary Introduction
To review:
The evidence that suggests that RNA (ribonucleic acid)molecules may have functioned as molecular replicators in early protocells.
Introduction:
Protocells are the first formed cells. RNA is a
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In 40 words or fewer, explain why we think that RNA, and not DNA, was the hereditary material in the first protocell.
What is the purpose of a molecular clock?
select the correct options:
A) For organisms that diverged >74 mya, ignore 3rd base positions within codons because they will offer little phylogenetic information for organisms.
B) use different parts ofthe genome to estimate different parts of a phylogeny
C) Use only 1st base positions within codons because they increase rapidly at first, then level off as result of single subsitituions at the same sites
D) Use slowly evolvong sites in the squecne, such as 2nd base positions within codonsfor analyzing the oldest relationships among organisms.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 25.1 - Why is the reducing nature of early Earths...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 25.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 25.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 25 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 25 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 25 - According to the OparinHaldane hypothesis, the...
Ch. 25 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 25 - In a population of self-replicating RNA molecules,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 25 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 25 - Prob. 3ITD
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Do plants and animals have a common multicellular ancestor?arrow_forwardOther than obvious changes in protein-encoding Neanderthal genes, changes in what type of non-coding DNA sequences would affect cell function? A) Alu family of repeated sequences B) Short tandem repeats (STRs) C) Protein factors that regulate gene expression D) Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs)arrow_forwardIn the evolution of the eukaryotic cell, these cells have evolved key changes that include which of the following: a) These cells reproduce by copying their DNA perfectly each generation b) They have their DNA in the nucleoid area c) They have adapted the mesosome membrane system of the prokaryote to form a nucleus and an endoplasmic reticulum d) each new type of new eukaryote cell has its mRNA unchanged from its original mRNA e) none of these are truearrow_forward
- With two specific examples, explain why phylogenetics is a useful scientific tool for studying Organismal biology?arrow_forwardHave introns been inserted into genes in the evolution of higher organisms? Or have introns been removed from genes to form the streamlined genomes of prokaryotes and simple eukaryotes?arrow_forwardGeneticists have determined the amount of DNA, the number of different genes, and the size of the cell/nucleus in a wide variety of model organisms. as we move up the phylogenetic scale, the amount of DNA/cell increases much more rapidly than does the volume in which that DNA must be packaged. How do higher organisms package their DNA in the interphase cell?arrow_forward
- Within the field of phylogenetics, what does a “bootstrap value” represent? (write/make 3 points for this question)arrow_forwardWhat does the number of differences in rRNA sequences between two species represent?arrow_forwardWhat genes from the mitochondrion are also used for phylogeneticanalysis? Can you name and describe at least two genes?arrow_forward
- place the evolutionary steps that led to complex multicellularity in the order in which they thought to have occurred. a) The ability of cells to stick to each other b) Differential gene expression in cells c) The ability to communicate between cells d) The ability to move molecules by bulk flowarrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion In thinking about the clinical application of phylogenetics, discuss the role of phylogenetics in these areas. a) Predictions of drug resistance b) Identifying the origin of an outbreak c)Predicting the spread of a diseasearrow_forwardThe genetic data below is the DNA sequence of part of a theoretical fungal genome. a.) Which strand of DNA shown is the template strand? b.) What is the sequence of the mRNA produced from this gene? Label the 5’ and 3’ ends c.) What is the sequence of the peptide produced from the mRNA in (b)?arrow_forward
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