For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined. Concept introduction: Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis ( chain lengthening process ). In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid . These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.6, Problem 34CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.6, Problem 34CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.6, Problem 34CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.6, Problem 34CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24.6, Problem 34CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

Answer 6

Chapter 24.6, Problem 34CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

Answer 7

Chapter 24.6, Problem 34CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the each given compounds, the name and structure of the product formed when they undergoes Kiliani-Fischer synthesis should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Aldopentose produces two aldohexoses through Kiliani-Fischer synthesis (chain lengthening process).

In Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, sugar reacts with aqueous cyanide (NaCN); the cyanide undergoes nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group of the sugar which yields cynohydrine. The resulting cyanohydrin is heated with water, which undergoes hydrolysis and forms carboxylic acid. These carboxylic acids react itself and form more stable lactones. Further, lactone is undergoes reduction reaction with a sodium amalgam which yields two aldohexoses.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 7CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 9PTS

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