Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).