Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 24, Problem 5TQ
Summary Introduction

To review:

The antibody isotype that is formed against the rubella virus in the fetus.

Introduction:

Rubella is a type of measles also called German measles that is caused by the rubella virus. The symptoms of the infection include the development of rashes generally after two weeks of infection. Rubella is the congenital syndrome that is developed in an infant and results from maternal infection with the rubella virus during pregnancy. Rubella virus can cross the placenta and may cause serious consequences such as stillbirths, miscarriages, and several other birth defects.

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You aim to test the hypothesis that the Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes inhibit each other's expression during limb development. With access to chicken embryos and viruses capable of overexpressing Tbx4 and Tbx5, describe an experiment to investigate whether these genes suppress each other's expression in the limb buds. What results would you expect if they do repress each other? What results would you expect if they do not repress each other?
You decide to delete Fgf4 and Fgf8 specifically in the limb bud. Explain why you would not knock out these genes in the entire embryo instead.
You implant an FGF10-coated bead into the anterior flank of a chicken embryo, directly below the level of the wing bud. What is the phenotype of the resulting ectopic limb?  Briefly describe the expected expression domains of 1) Shh, 2) Tbx4, and 3) Tbx5 in the resulting ectopic limb bud.
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