The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant. Introduction: Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant.

Introduction:

Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The definitions of the above-mentioned terms are as follows:

1. Antigen: Antigen can be defined as a foreign material that is capable of activating the immune system of the body to fight with foreign particles (that are harmful). Antigens are divided as autoantigens and heteroantigens. Autoantigens are the self-antigens initiated by the body of an organism whereas heteroantigens are the foreign antigens that enter from outside the body.

2) E pitope: Epitope is a region present on the antigenic surface that is capable of binding with a particular antibody. An antigen consists of many distinct epitopes. Epitopes precisely combine with paratope, a region present in the antibody. Epitopes are classified into two types, linear epitopes and conformational epitopes.

3) Hapten: Haptens are small molecules that have the potential to attach with any large carrier molecule like proteins. The attachment of hapten with protein molecules can evoke antibody production. These are useful in the study of allergic contact dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease mechanisms.

4) A ntigenic Determinant: Antigenic determinants are the parts of the antigens that are capable in recognition of antibodies (T cells and B cells) and immune system. Antigenic determinants are familiar to an epitope. During antigen-antibody interaction, the antigen enhances the antibody response and the antibody combines with the antigenic determinant instead of the complete protein.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

For short answer questions, write your answers on the line provided. To the right is the mRNA codon table to use as needed throughout the exam. First letter U บบบ U CA UUCPhe UUA UCU Phe UCC UUG Leu CUU UAU. G U UAC TV UGCys UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp Ser UCA UCG CCU] 0 CUC CUA CCC CAC CAU His CGU CGC Leu Pro CCA CAA Gin CGA Arg CUG CCG CAG CGG AUU ACU AAU T AUC lle A 1 ACC Thr AUA ACA AUG Mot ACG AGG Arg GUU GCU GUC GCC G Val Ala GAC Asp GGU GGC GUA GUG GCA GCG GAA GGA Gly Glu GAGJ GGG AACASH AGU Ser AAA1 AAG Lys GAU AGA CAL CALUCAO CAO G Third letter 1. (+7) Use the table below to answer the questions; use the codon table above to assist you. The promoter sequence of DNA is on the LEFT. You do not need to fill in the entire table. Assume we are in the middle of a gene sequence (no need to find a start codon). DNA 1 DNA 2 mRNA tRNA Polypeptide C Val G C. T A C a. On which strand of DNA is the template strand (DNA 1 or 2)?_ b. On which side of the mRNA is the 5' end (left or…

3. (6 pts) Fill in the boxes according to the directions on the right. Structure R-C R-COOH OH R-OH i R-CO-R' R R-PO4 R-CH3 C. 0 R' R-O-P-OH 1 OH H R-C-H R-N' I- H H R-NH₂ \H Name Properties

4. (6 pts) Use the molecule below to answer these questions and identify the side chains and ends. Please use tidy boxes to indicate parts and write the letter labels within that box. a. How many monomer subunits are shown? b. Box a Polar but non-ionizable side chain and label P c. Box a Basic Polar side chain and label BP d. Box the carboxyl group at the end of the polypeptide and label with letter C (C-terminus) H H OHHO H H 0 HHO H-N-CC-N-C-C N-C-C-N-GC-OH I H-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 H3C-C+H CH2 CH2 OH CH CH₂ C=O OH CH2 NH2

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant.

Introduction:

Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The definitions of the above-mentioned terms are as follows:

1. Antigen: Antigen can be defined as a foreign material that is capable of activating the immune system of the body to fight with foreign particles (that are harmful). Antigens are divided as autoantigens and heteroantigens. Autoantigens are the self-antigens initiated by the body of an organism whereas heteroantigens are the foreign antigens that enter from outside the body.

2) E pitope: Epitope is a region present on the antigenic surface that is capable of binding with a particular antibody. An antigen consists of many distinct epitopes. Epitopes precisely combine with paratope, a region present in the antibody. Epitopes are classified into two types, linear epitopes and conformational epitopes.

3) Hapten: Haptens are small molecules that have the potential to attach with any large carrier molecule like proteins. The attachment of hapten with protein molecules can evoke antibody production. These are useful in the study of allergic contact dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease mechanisms.

4) A ntigenic Determinant: Antigenic determinants are the parts of the antigens that are capable in recognition of antibodies (T cells and B cells) and immune system. Antigenic determinants are familiar to an epitope. During antigen-antibody interaction, the antigen enhances the antibody response and the antibody combines with the antigenic determinant instead of the complete protein.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant.

Introduction:

Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The definitions of the above-mentioned terms are as follows:

1. Antigen: Antigen can be defined as a foreign material that is capable of activating the immune system of the body to fight with foreign particles (that are harmful). Antigens are divided as autoantigens and heteroantigens. Autoantigens are the self-antigens initiated by the body of an organism whereas heteroantigens are the foreign antigens that enter from outside the body.

2) E pitope: Epitope is a region present on the antigenic surface that is capable of binding with a particular antibody. An antigen consists of many distinct epitopes. Epitopes precisely combine with paratope, a region present in the antibody. Epitopes are classified into two types, linear epitopes and conformational epitopes.

3) Hapten: Haptens are small molecules that have the potential to attach with any large carrier molecule like proteins. The attachment of hapten with protein molecules can evoke antibody production. These are useful in the study of allergic contact dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease mechanisms.

4) A ntigenic Determinant: Antigenic determinants are the parts of the antigens that are capable in recognition of antibodies (T cells and B cells) and immune system. Antigenic determinants are familiar to an epitope. During antigen-antibody interaction, the antigen enhances the antibody response and the antibody combines with the antigenic determinant instead of the complete protein.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant.

Introduction:

Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The definitions of the above-mentioned terms are as follows:

1. Antigen: Antigen can be defined as a foreign material that is capable of activating the immune system of the body to fight with foreign particles (that are harmful). Antigens are divided as autoantigens and heteroantigens. Autoantigens are the self-antigens initiated by the body of an organism whereas heteroantigens are the foreign antigens that enter from outside the body.

2) E pitope: Epitope is a region present on the antigenic surface that is capable of binding with a particular antibody. An antigen consists of many distinct epitopes. Epitopes precisely combine with paratope, a region present in the antibody. Epitopes are classified into two types, linear epitopes and conformational epitopes.

3) Hapten: Haptens are small molecules that have the potential to attach with any large carrier molecule like proteins. The attachment of hapten with protein molecules can evoke antibody production. These are useful in the study of allergic contact dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease mechanisms.

4) A ntigenic Determinant: Antigenic determinants are the parts of the antigens that are capable in recognition of antibodies (T cells and B cells) and immune system. Antigenic determinants are familiar to an epitope. During antigen-antibody interaction, the antigen enhances the antibody response and the antibody combines with the antigenic determinant instead of the complete protein.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant.

Introduction:

Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The definitions of the above-mentioned terms are as follows:

1. Antigen: Antigen can be defined as a foreign material that is capable of activating the immune system of the body to fight with foreign particles (that are harmful). Antigens are divided as autoantigens and heteroantigens. Autoantigens are the self-antigens initiated by the body of an organism whereas heteroantigens are the foreign antigens that enter from outside the body.

2) E pitope: Epitope is a region present on the antigenic surface that is capable of binding with a particular antibody. An antigen consists of many distinct epitopes. Epitopes precisely combine with paratope, a region present in the antibody. Epitopes are classified into two types, linear epitopes and conformational epitopes.

3) Hapten: Haptens are small molecules that have the potential to attach with any large carrier molecule like proteins. The attachment of hapten with protein molecules can evoke antibody production. These are useful in the study of allergic contact dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease mechanisms.

4) A ntigenic Determinant: Antigenic determinants are the parts of the antigens that are capable in recognition of antibodies (T cells and B cells) and immune system. Antigenic determinants are familiar to an epitope. During antigen-antibody interaction, the antigen enhances the antibody response and the antibody combines with the antigenic determinant instead of the complete protein.

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant.

Introduction:

Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The definitions of the above-mentioned terms are as follows:

1. Antigen: Antigen can be defined as a foreign material that is capable of activating the immune system of the body to fight with foreign particles (that are harmful). Antigens are divided as autoantigens and heteroantigens. Autoantigens are the self-antigens initiated by the body of an organism whereas heteroantigens are the foreign antigens that enter from outside the body.

2) E pitope: Epitope is a region present on the antigenic surface that is capable of binding with a particular antibody. An antigen consists of many distinct epitopes. Epitopes precisely combine with paratope, a region present in the antibody. Epitopes are classified into two types, linear epitopes and conformational epitopes.

3) Hapten: Haptens are small molecules that have the potential to attach with any large carrier molecule like proteins. The attachment of hapten with protein molecules can evoke antibody production. These are useful in the study of allergic contact dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease mechanisms.

4) A ntigenic Determinant: Antigenic determinants are the parts of the antigens that are capable in recognition of antibodies (T cells and B cells) and immune system. Antigenic determinants are familiar to an epitope. During antigen-antibody interaction, the antigen enhances the antibody response and the antibody combines with the antigenic determinant instead of the complete protein.

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The definition of antigen, epitope, hapten, an antigenic determinant.

Introduction:

Antibodies are large proteins having a Y-shaped appearance. Antibodies are generated by plasma cells produced from B lymphocytes. They neutralize the pathogenic effects that are caused by various pathogens. Antibodies combine with antigens and result in antigen-antibody interaction. Their interaction can be studied or determined by the ELISA test.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The definitions of the above-mentioned terms are as follows:

1. Antigen: Antigen can be defined as a foreign material that is capable of activating the immune system of the body to fight with foreign particles (that are harmful). Antigens are divided as autoantigens and heteroantigens. Autoantigens are the self-antigens initiated by the body of an organism whereas heteroantigens are the foreign antigens that enter from outside the body.

2) E pitope: Epitope is a region present on the antigenic surface that is capable of binding with a particular antibody. An antigen consists of many distinct epitopes. Epitopes precisely combine with paratope, a region present in the antibody. Epitopes are classified into two types, linear epitopes and conformational epitopes.

3) Hapten: Haptens are small molecules that have the potential to attach with any large carrier molecule like proteins. The attachment of hapten with protein molecules can evoke antibody production. These are useful in the study of allergic contact dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease mechanisms.

4) A ntigenic Determinant: Antigenic determinants are the parts of the antigens that are capable in recognition of antibodies (T cells and B cells) and immune system. Antigenic determinants are familiar to an epitope. During antigen-antibody interaction, the antigen enhances the antibody response and the antibody combines with the antigenic determinant instead of the complete protein.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 1TQ Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 2TQ Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 3TQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1TQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 2TQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3TQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 4TQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5TQ Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 1TQ Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 2TQ

Concept explainers

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 24 Solutions