Chapter 24, Problem 47A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The difference between the carbonyl functional group in glucose and fructose has been described.

Concept introduction: The carbonyl functional group is often present in carbohydrates. A ring structure is produced when a carbonyl group bonds with another carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 47A

The carbonyl group of glucose is an aldehyde, whereas the carbonyl group of fructose is a ketone.

Explanation of Solution

Carbohydrates, such as glucose and fructose, can be represented chemically by the formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}$ . Glucose and fructose are examples of monosaccharides. Glucose is a ring that has six members, while fructose is a ring that only has five members. The carbonyl group found in glucose is an aldehyde, whereas the carbonyl group found in fructose is a ketone.

Conclusion

The carbonyl group of glucose is an aldehyde, whereas the carbonyl group of fructose is a ketone.