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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of all the
Concept introduction:
The simple sugars are monosaccharides having five or six carbon atoms as in fructose and glucose. At carbon
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of an achiral ketopentose
Concept introduction:
A carbon atom is said to be chiral when all four atoms attached to it are different. It is also known as asymmetric carbon atom. Similarly when a molecule cannot be divided into two similar parts it is known as chiral or asymmetrical. When a molecule has a plane of symmetry, it is considered to be achiral. It means that molecule can be divided into two equal parts through the plane of symmetry.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of
Concept introduction:
Two isomers have same formula but different structures. In case of sugars, two isomers are possible on the basis of functional group present in the molecule. In pentose and hexose sugar they may be open ring structure with aldehyde group or close ring structures with keto group as main functional groups (keto, aldo isomers).
(d)
Interpretation:
The structure of
Concept introduction: Two isomers have same chemical formula but different structures. In case of sugars two isomers are possible on the basis of functional group present.( They may be open ring with aldehyde or close ring with keto group as their functional group.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions
- Use the literature Ka value of the acetic acid, and the data below to answer these questions. Note: You will not use the experimental titration graphs to answer the questions that follow. Group #1: Buffer pH = 4.35 Group #2: Buffer pH = 4.70 Group #3: Buffer pH = 5.00 Group #4: Buffer pH = 5.30 Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, the buffer pH provided and the literature pKa value of acetic acid to perform the following: a) calculate the ratios of [acetate]/[acetic acid] for each of the 4 groups buffer solutions above. b) using the calculated ratios, which group solution will provide the best optimal buffer (Hint: what [acetate]/[acetic acid] ratio value is expected for an optimal buffer?) c) explain your choicearrow_forwardHow would you prepare 1 liter of a 50 mM Phosphate buffer at pH 7.5 beginning with K3PO4 and 1 M HCl or 1 M NaOH? Please help and show calculations. Thank youarrow_forwardDraw the four most importantcontributing structures of the cation intermediate thatforms in the electrophilic chlorination of phenol,(C6H5OH) to form p-chlorophenol. Put a circle aroundthe best one. Can you please each step and also how you would approach a similar problem. Thank you!arrow_forward
- A 100mM lactic acid/lactate buffer was found to have a lactate to lactic acid ratio of 2 and a pH of 4.2. What is the pKa of lactic acid? Can you please help show the calculations?arrow_forwardUsing line angle formulas, draw thestructures of and name four alkanes that have total of 7carbons, one of which is tertiary.Please explain this in detail and can you also explain how to approach a similar problem like this as well?arrow_forwardUsing dashed line wedge projections drawthe indicated compounds and indicate whether thecompound you have drawn is R or S.(a) The two enantiomers of 2-chlorobutane. Can you please explain your steps and how you would approach a similar problem. Thank you!arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
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