Interpretation:
It should be determined that how the given strategy which is used in biochemical path ways utilized in the catabolism of fats.
Concept introduction:
Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-
Fatty acids are activated to acyl CoA by thiokinases or acyl CoA synthetases.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 24 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- Years ago there was interest in using uncouplers such as dinitrophenol asweight control agents. Presumably, fat could be oxidized without concomitant ATP synthesis for re-formation of fat or carbohydrate. Why was this a bad (i.e., fatal) idea?arrow_forwardYears ago there was interest in using uncouplers such as dinitrophenol as weight control agents. Presumably, fat could be oxidized without concomi- tant ATP synthesis for re-formation of fat or carbohydrate. Why was this a bad (i.e., fatal) idea?arrow_forwardThe incredible catalytic power of enzymes can perhaps best be appreciated by imagining how challenging life would be without just one of the thousands of enzymes in the human body. For example, consider life without fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, an enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway in liver and kidneys, which helps produce new glucose from the food we eat: Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate + H20 → Fructose-6-phosphate + P; The human brain requires glucose as its only energy source, and the typical brain consumes about 120. g (or 480. calories) of glucose daily. Ordinarily, two pieces of sausage pizza could provide more than enough potential glucose to feed the brain for a day. According to a national fast-food chain, two pieces of sausage pizza provide 1290 calories, 47.0 % of which is from fat. Fats cannot be converted to glucose in gluconeogenesis, so that leaves 606 calories potentially available for glucose synthesis. The first-order rate constant for the hydrolysis of…arrow_forward
- Mevalonate is a component of which biochemical pathway?arrow_forwardOne way of expressing the rate at which an enzyme can catalyze a reaction is to state its turnover number. The turnover number is the maximum number of substrate molecules that can be acted on by one molecule of enzyme per unit of time. The table gives the turnover number of four representative enzymes. Enzyme Substrate Turnover number (per second) Ribonuclease RNA 100 Fumarase fumarate 800 Lactate dehydrogenase lactate 1000 Urease urea 10,000 How many molecules of urea can one molecule of urease act on in 12.0 min ?arrow_forwardExplain the basis for the following statement: As a coenzyme, pyridoxal phosphate is covalently bound to enzymes with which it functions; yet during catalysis the coenzyme is not covalently bound.arrow_forward
- Two reactions are shown below. These reactions are directly coupled in cells by an enzyme called hexokinase, which is a key enzyme in glycolysis. It is generally the case that reactions that are directly coupled by enzymes share some common reactants. What is the net reaction when these two reactions are combined? Glucose + Inorganic Phosphate + ATP + Water → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP Glucose + ATP + Water → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP + Inorganic Phosphate Glucose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + Inorganic Phosphate Glucose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADParrow_forwardWhy is coenzyme A such a good example of activation?arrow_forwardYears ago there was interest in using uncouplers such as dinitrophenol as weight control agents. Presumably, fat could be oxidized without concomitant ATP synthesis for re-formation of fat or carbohydrate. Why was this a bad idea?arrow_forward
- Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are determined using its formula. In addition, you should explain what those factors are including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, resistance, a-vO2 difference, etc. Describe how many ATPs can be generated by complete cycles of beta oxidation of free fatty acid with 20 carbons. You should indicate how many cycles of beta oxidation and Krebs cycle, and total number of products as wellarrow_forwardAspartate transcarbamoylase, which is necessary for CTP production, is an essential enzyme for the human body. In the below graph, which line represents the rate of the reaction catalyzes by Aspartate transcarbamoylase? Explain.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the pathways of fatty-acid breakdown and biosynthesis. What features do these two pathways have in common? How do they differ?arrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax CollegeBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning