Chapter 23, Problem 86GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name and functional group for the given compound has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Answer to Problem 86GQ

The name of the given compound is $2-pen\tan ol$. The functional group of the given compound is alcohol as it has $\text{OH}$ group.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is drawn below.

There is longest carbon chain is five carbon atoms and one $\text{OH}$ is substituted at $\text{C-2}$ position of the linear chain. Therefore the systematic name of the given compound is $2-pen\tan ol$. The functional group of the given compound is alcohol as it has $\text{OH}$ group.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name and functional group for the given compound has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Answer to Problem 86GQ

The name of the given compound is $2-pen\tan one$. The functional group of the given compound is ketone as it has $\text{C=O}$ group.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is drawn below.

There is longest carbon chain is five carbon atoms and one $\text{C=O}$ is substituted at $\text{C-2}$ position of the linear chain. Therefore the systematic name of the given compound is $2-pen\tan one$. The functional group of the given compound is ketone as it has $\text{C=O}$ group.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name and functional group for the given compound has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Answer to Problem 86GQ

The name of the given compound is $2-methyl-propanal$. The functional group of the given compound is aldehyde as it has $\text{HC=O}$ group.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is drawn below.

There is longest carbon chain is three carbon atoms and one $\text{HC=O}$ is substituted at $\text{C-1}$ and one methyl group at $\text{C-2}$ position of the linear chain. Therefore the systematic name of the given compound is $2-methyl-propanal$. The functional group of the given compound is aldehyde as it has $\text{HC=O}$ group.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name and functional group for the given compound has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Answer to Problem 86GQ

The name of the given compound is $bu\tan oicacid$. The functional group of the given compound is carboxylic acid as it has $COOH$ group.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compound is drawn below.

There is longest carbon chain is four carbon atoms and first carbon is $COOH$ substituted of the linear chain. Therefore the systematic name of the given compound is $bu\tan oicacid$. The functional group of the given compound is carboxylic acid as it has $COOH$ group.