The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained Concept introduction: Polymers : Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization . Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 109SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the OH groups in polyvinyl alcohol impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which hydrogen bonding in a polyamide impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole interaction of molecules when the hydrogen is bonded to strong electronegative atom in the molecules.

The hydrogen bonding takes place within a molecule is called as intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

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A polymer closely related to PET is PBT, which is made from terephthalic acid and butane-1,4-diol.(a) Propose a structure for PBT and write the condensed formula for the structure.(b) What does PBT stand for? That is, what do you expect the trivial name of PBT to be?(c) Would you expect PBT to have a higher or lower melting point than PET? Justify your answer.(d) PBT, rather than PET, is used in molding because it crystallizes faster. Explain why PBT crystallizes more quickly than PET.

3. Dacron is the brand name for the polymer that is made from ethane-1,2-diol and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid. (a) What type of polymer is Dacron? (b) When the two monomers combine, what type of reaction do they undergo and what molecule is eliminated? (c) What is the name for the linkages that join the monomers together?(d) Draw the monomers and the polymer of the reaction to create Dacron. (Use a condensed structural formula in your answer.) HC-C styrene H-O-C- ethane-1,2-diol I H OH НО. 206 H -C-0-H H benzene-1.4-dicarboxylic acid.

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are chemicals formed by attaching one or more chlorine atoms to a pair of connected benzene rings. (a) Summarise the adverse health effects associated with exposure to PCBs. (b) With a suitable illustration, explain the action of PCBs toxicity.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 109SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the OH groups in polyvinyl alcohol impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which hydrogen bonding in a polyamide impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole interaction of molecules when the hydrogen is bonded to strong electronegative atom in the molecules.

The hydrogen bonding takes place within a molecule is called as intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 109SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the OH groups in polyvinyl alcohol impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which hydrogen bonding in a polyamide impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole interaction of molecules when the hydrogen is bonded to strong electronegative atom in the molecules.

The hydrogen bonding takes place within a molecule is called as intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 109SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the OH groups in polyvinyl alcohol impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which hydrogen bonding in a polyamide impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole interaction of molecules when the hydrogen is bonded to strong electronegative atom in the molecules.

The hydrogen bonding takes place within a molecule is called as intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

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Answer 5

Chapter 23, Problem 109SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the OH groups in polyvinyl alcohol impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which hydrogen bonding in a polyamide impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole interaction of molecules when the hydrogen is bonded to strong electronegative atom in the molecules.

The hydrogen bonding takes place within a molecule is called as intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

Answer 6

Chapter 23, Problem 109SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

Answer 7

Chapter 23, Problem 109SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the cross-linking in polyethylene impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Cross-linking: In polymer chemistry, cross-linking indicates the bond which links a polymer to another polymer chain and is used to change many physical properties of a polymer.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the OH groups in polyvinyl alcohol impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which the OH groups in polyvinyl alcohol impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which hydrogen bonding in a polyamide impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole interaction of molecules when the hydrogen is bonded to strong electronegative atom in the molecules.

The hydrogen bonding takes place within a molecule is called as intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The important properties which hydrogen bonding in a polyamide impart to a polymer has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers. Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole interaction of molecules when the hydrogen is bonded to strong electronegative atom in the molecules.

The hydrogen bonding takes place within a molecule is called as intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 23.2 - (a) Draw the nine isomers having the formula...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 2CYU Ch. 23.2 - There are 17 possible alkene isomers with the...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 4CYU Ch. 23.2 - Aniline, C6H5NH2, is the common name for...Ch. 23.2 - What is the systematic name for this alkane? (a)...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 2RC Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 3RC Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 4RC Ch. 23.2 - 5. How many isomers are possible for C6H4(CH3)Cl,...

Solution Summary: The author explains the important properties of cross-linking in polyethylene, which makes it a rigid and inflexible material.

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Chapter 23 Solutions